{"id":19918,"date":"2025-03-05T06:18:09","date_gmt":"2025-03-05T06:18:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/?p=19918"},"modified":"2025-04-30T21:33:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T21:33:12","slug":"delibovi-on-glassgold-on-boethius-a-blogpost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/delibovi-on-glassgold-on-boethius-a-blogpost\/","title":{"rendered":"Delibovi on Glassgold on Boethius: A Blogpost"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">The Manuscript<br \/>\nas<br \/>\nCreative Undercurrent:<\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Reflections on the Reissue of<br \/>\nGlassgold\u2019s <em>\u201cEnglishings\u201d <\/em>of Poems by Boethius<\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Dana Delibovi<\/h2>\n<p>[<em>Posted on 18 March 2025<\/em>]<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Editor&#8217;s Note<\/em><br \/>\nWe welcome <a href=\"https:\/\/danadelibovi.wordpress.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dana Delibovi<\/a> as Guest Blogger. We thank her for sharing her explorations on a subject dear to our hearts.<\/p>\n<p>Imprisoned and awaiting execution, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boethius\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius<\/a> (c. 480 \u2013 524) wrote <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/On_the_Consolation_of_Philosophy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>On the Consolation of Philosophy<\/em><\/a>, a work of Latin prose often translated into prose and poetry. The original manuscript has not survived, but later manuscripts of the text have, including some important English translations.<\/p>\n<p>These English manuscripts are a creative undercurrent to a volume reissued in the autumn of 2024, <strong><em>Boethius: Poems From On the Consolation of Philosophy<\/em><\/strong>, with the subtitle, \u201cTranslated Out of the Original Latin into Diverse Historical Englishings, Diligently Collaged\u201d by <a href=\"https:\/\/peterglassgold.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Peter Glassgold<\/a>.[<strong>1<\/strong>] Manuscripts \u2014 objects with a physical as well as a verbal aesthetic \u2014 indirectly lend pictorial, methodological, and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ekphrasis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ekphrastic<\/a> inspiration to Glassgold\u2019s work. Inspiration like this, I believe, may have implications for current appreciation of historical manuscripts.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Riffing on the English translators<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In the introduction and afterword to his book, Glassgold mentions his debt to three important English translators of <em>On the Consolation of Philosophy<\/em>, whose \u201cword-work\u201d Glassgold explored to create \u201csound-collages\u201d that chime with English in its many historical incarnations.[<strong>2<\/strong>] These translators, working in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Old_English\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Old<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Middle_English\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Middle<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Early_Modern_English\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Early Modern English<\/a> respectively, are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alfred_the_Great\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">King Alfred<\/a> (848\u2013899, ruled 871\u2013899),<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geoffrey_Chaucer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Geoffrey Chaucer<\/a> (died 1400), and<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elizabeth_I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Queen Elizabeth I<\/a> (1533\u20131603, ruled 1558\u20131603).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I recently interviewed Glassgold for the e-zine <a href=\"\/\/cablestreet.org\/issue-7-table-of-contents\/colloquy-2\/the-deep-humanity-of-boethius\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cable Street<\/a>, where he stated that, in any single line of the poetry, he \u201cranged through the whole known vocabulary of English, from Old to Modern. The making of [these] <em>Boethius<\/em> translations was not so much a process as an attitude \u2015 improvisational, you might even say jazzy.\u201d[<strong>3<\/strong>]<\/p>\n<p>An example from a poem in Book I of Boethius\u2019 work shows how Glassgold invents translations across the evolution of the spoken and written language, melding Old, Middle and Modern English.[<strong>4<\/strong>]<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Now he lies of mindz light weakened<br \/>\nand nekke pressid by overheuy chaines,<br \/>\nhis chere holding downcast for the weighte,<br \/>\ncumpeld, eala! to scan the dreary earth.<\/p>\n<p>The avant-garde poet and literary scholar Charles Bernstein, writing in the book\u2019s foreword, calls Glassgold\u2019s approach \u201cpataquerical\u201d \u2014 spontaneous, playful, sometimes irascible, and imagined across multiple iterations of language. \u201cThe historical progression of English translations offers Glassgold stratified layers of linguistic sediment that he entangles in his palimpsestic composition.&#8221;[<strong>5<\/strong>.]<\/p>\n<p>Part of the \u201clinguistic sediment\u201d of Boethius in English are manuscripts \u2014 including manuscripts of Alfred the Great, Chaucer, and Elizabeth I that survive today in some form (<strong>Figures 1\u20133<\/strong>; see below). One of these is a profoundly fire-damaged manuscript of the \u201cAlfredian\u201d Old English Boethius (<strong>Figure 1<\/strong>). This work was either translated by King Alfred the Great or anonymous translators assisting with the king\u2019s efforts to revive learning.[<strong>6<\/strong>] Other manuscripts of note are a 1380 transcription by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.purplemotes.net\/2013\/02\/10\/chaucer-adam-scrivener-communicative-division-labor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Adam Scrivener<\/a> of the Middle English translation by Chaucer (<strong>Figure 2<\/strong>)[<strong>7]<\/strong> and the translation into early Modern English by Queen Elizabeth I (<strong>Figure 3<\/strong>).[<strong>8<\/strong>]<\/p>\n<h2><strong><em>Undercurrents\u2014<br \/>\nPictorial, Methodological, and Ekphrastic<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>I believe that such English manuscripts of Boethius represent three creative undercurrents to Glassgold\u2019s work. Two are fairly obvious. One is speculative.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">1. Pictorial Inspiration<\/h3>\n<p>The first and probably most obvious is <em>pictorial<\/em> inspiration from manuscripts. The cover of Glassgold\u2019s book, created by Andrew Bourne, uses typography bearing a family resemblance to the handwriting of manuscripts. Bourne creates the illusion of cut-up strips of handwriting to covey the collaging of manuscript text (<strong>Figure 4<\/strong>). This thoughtful cover design made <em>Literary Hub<\/em>\u2019s list of <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/the-167-best-book-covers-of-2024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The 167 Best Book Covers of 2024<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">2. Methodological Inspiration<\/h3>\n<p>The second fairly obvious inspiration is <em>methodological<\/em>. As Glassgold describes his work process:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">I was surrounded by books, <em>De Consolatione <\/em>and the various <em>Consolations <\/em>I\u2019d gathered, set propped up on stands in chronological order from left to right, along with piles of dictionaries in, behind, and around them. I wrote slowly, by hand\u2014as I always do my first drafts, though it felt especially appropriate in these circumstances.[<strong>9<\/strong>]<\/p>\n<p>In creating his book, Glassgold worked with published, typeset versions of the translations of Alfred, Chaucer, Elizabeth, and other English translators. But writing his work by hand felt more appropriate than usual. This feeling might arise from the known existence of manuscripts \u2014 the emotional connection to handwritten physical objects.<\/p>\n<p>The manuscript is not merely a vehicle for thought in the manner of mass-produced text, especially digital text. The manuscript has a material structure connected to the natural world through its parchments, papyri, chalks, and inks, as has been noted by Ittai Weinryb.[<strong>10<\/strong>] To write physically, in longhand, is to engage in a mimesis of the manuscript process, infinitely satisfying and emotionally resonant. In addition, Glassgold\u2019s project of \u201ccollaging\u201d other translations to make his own channels the painstaking work of manuscript creation, which involves copying, cutting, patching, and erasure.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">3. Ekphrasis<\/h3>\n<p>The third creative undercurrent is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.poetryfoundation.org\/education\/glossary\/ekphrasis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ekphrasis<\/a> \u2014 writing that describes or works of the plastic arts. This undercurrent is speculative \u2014 a concept I am exploring, rather than asserting. I believe that Glassgold\u2019s finished work can be considered ekphrastic, manuscripts in their substance as works of bookbinding, illustration, calligraphy, and, in the case of Elizabeth\u2019s text of Boethius\u2019s poetry, a flamboyant personal hand. I believe this to be true even though Glassgold used typeset source materials and the publisher set the book using modern technologies.<\/p>\n<p>My thesis stems from the shared idea of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walter_Benjamin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Walter Benjamin<\/a> (1892\u20131940), <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jacques_Derrida\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jacques Derrida<\/a> (1930\u20132004), and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rabindranath_Tagore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rabindranath Tagore<\/a> (1861\u20131941) that translation is the \u201cafterlife\u201d or \u201creincarnation\u201d of prose or poetry.[<strong>11<\/strong>] Benjamin wrote that, in translations, \u201cthe life of the originals attains . . . its ever-renewed and most abundant flowering.\u201d He thought the \u201cafterlife\u201d of literature was \u201ca transformation and a renewal of something living\u201d into a new, still living work.[<strong>12<\/strong>]<\/p>\n<p>The literary &#8216;life&#8217; of Boethius&#8217;s work includes an array of aesthetic, visual and tactile objects \u2014 manuscripts. The life of Glassgold\u2019s work must encompass and take ekphrastic inspiration from those visual and tactile works.<\/p>\n<p>Ekphrasis in such a case <em>shines through<\/em> the work in tonality and energy. For example, Elizabeth\u2019s muscular handwritten lines from the start of Poem XII, Book III, slant powerfully upward at an increasing angle as she moves down the page; Glassgold\u2019s translations of the same lines pick up steam as they go. Elizabeth and Glassgold both end this section with a akin to Anglo-Saxon prosody: \u201cthe hilly house went to\u201d and \u201cwente to the hous of helle.\u201d[<strong>13<\/strong>] The \u00a0physical work of art, the manuscript, reiterates the boldness of the text, and subliminally transmits the spark of the manuscript.<\/p>\n<h2>Looking Ahead<\/h2>\n<p>I am in the process of developing arguments against my thesis. No doubt, readers of this post will develop many more. But regardless of these particular arguments\u2019 merits, I believe there is merit in approaching manuscripts \u2014 in all their robust materiality \u2014 as integral to the continued life of older texts. Surely, the power of a physical work we can see, hold, and even smell must push its way into later print and digital incarnations. Appreciating this may hold a key to rescuing literature from the current flimsiness of mass-market paperbacks and e-books.<\/p>\n<p>*****<\/p>\n<h1>Illustrations<\/h1>\n<h2>Figure 1<\/h2>\n<h3>King Alfred&#8217;s Boethius<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-19930 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/6a00d8341c464853ef01901e93e526970b.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"628\" height=\"415\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/6a00d8341c464853ef01901e93e526970b.jpg 628w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/6a00d8341c464853ef01901e93e526970b-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/6a00d8341c464853ef01901e93e526970b-150x99.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The burned 10<sup>th<\/sup>-century manuscript of the old English translation of Boethius, <em>On the Consolation of Philosophy<\/em>, attributed to Alfred the Great (849\u2013899). The fire that burned the manuscript occurred in 1731.<\/p>\n<p>Photo from British Library Collection Care website: Cotton MS Otho A. VI., folio 32r, top:<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bl.uk\/collectioncare\/2013\/08\/collection-care-fired-up-for-bbc-four-appearance.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Collection Care Fired Up for BBC Fourth Appearance<\/a> (= https:\/\/blogs.bl.uk\/collectioncare\/2013\/08\/collection-care-fired-up-for-bbc-four-appearance.html); Accessed January 4, 2025.<\/p>\n<h2>Figure 2<\/h2>\n<h3>Chaucer&#8217;s Boethius<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-20039 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Folio-2v-of-the-translation-by-Chaucer-1024x873.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"873\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Folio-2v-of-the-translation-by-Chaucer-1024x873.png 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Folio-2v-of-the-translation-by-Chaucer-300x256.png 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Folio-2v-of-the-translation-by-Chaucer-150x128.png 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Folio-2v-of-the-translation-by-Chaucer-768x654.png 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Folio-2v-of-the-translation-by-Chaucer.png 1082w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>A portion of folio 2v of the translation by Chaucer (c. 1340\u20131400) of <em>On the Consolation of Philosophy<\/em> into Middle English. The first segment shown is \u201cThe ferthe Metur\u201d (fourth poem) of Book I.<\/p>\n<p>In the first three lines, Chaucer writes:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cWho so it be \u00feat is clere of vertue sad and wel ordinat of lyuyng. \u00feat ha\u00fe put vnderfote \u00fee prowed[e] wierdes and loki\u00fe vpry\u021dt vpon ey\u00feer fortune.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Glassgold renders this as:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Who serene in settled life<br \/>\nha\u00fe put proud fate underfote<br \/>\nand rihtwis eyeing ey\u00feer fortune.<\/p>\n<p>The folios also contain marks, such as line breaks, by later hands.<\/p>\n<p>Aberystwyth, Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru \u2013 The National Library of Wales, Peniarth MS 393D, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.library.wales\/discover-learn\/digital-exhibitions\/manuscripts\/the-middle-ages\/de-consolatione-philosophiae\">De consolatione Philosophiae<\/a>, folio 2v, bottom; c. 1380. Image via Public Domain Mark from the <a href=\"https:\/\/viewer.library.wales\/4398051#?xywh=-49%2C699%2C3466%2C2479&amp;cv=18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">online database for The National Library of Wales<\/a>; Accessed February 17, 2025.<\/p>\n<p>Text clarification by type from Project Gutenberg: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gutenberg.org\/files\/42083\/42083-h\/42083-h.htm#page67\">Gutenberg.org<\/a>; Accessed January 4, 2025.<\/p>\n<h2>Figure 3<\/h2>\n<h3>Queen Elizabeth I&#8217;s Boethius<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-20038 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elizabeth.translation-of-boethius-sp-12-289-746x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"746\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elizabeth.translation-of-boethius-sp-12-289-746x1024.jpg 746w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elizabeth.translation-of-boethius-sp-12-289-219x300.jpg 219w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elizabeth.translation-of-boethius-sp-12-289-109x150.jpg 109w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elizabeth.translation-of-boethius-sp-12-289-768x1054.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elizabeth.translation-of-boethius-sp-12-289-1119x1536.jpg 1119w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elizabeth.translation-of-boethius-sp-12-289-1492x2048.jpg 1492w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elizabeth.translation-of-boethius-sp-12-289-scaled.jpg 1865w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 746px) 100vw, 746px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>A section of <em>On the Consolation of Philosophy<\/em>, Poem XII, Book III, translated and in the handwriting of Elizabeth I (1533\u20131603). It is believed that Elizabeth translated and hand-wrote the poems from the work, but dictated the prose to her secretary<strong>. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>London, Public Record Office, MS SP 12\/289 folio 48r. Image from the British National Archives, October and November 1593 (SP 12\/289 folio 48), via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/education\/resources\/elizabeth-monarchy\/elizabeths-translation-of-the-consolation-of-philosophy\/\">https:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/education\/resources\/elizabeth-monarchy\/elizabeths-translation-of-the-consolation-of-philosophy\/<\/a>; Accessed January 4, 2025.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Figure 4<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Peter Glassgold&#8217;s Boethius<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-20036 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Bookcover.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"996\" height=\"344\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Bookcover.png 996w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Bookcover-300x104.png 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Bookcover-150x52.png 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Bookcover-768x265.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 996px) 100vw, 996px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Cover detail, showing motifs of handwriting and collage of text strips, for Peter Glassgold\u2019s book. Designed by Andrew Bourne, 2024, World Poetry Books.<\/p>\n<h1><strong>Notes<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em><strong>WebEditor&#8217;s Note<\/strong><\/em> on the appearance of some <strong>Broken Links<\/strong>. Some links provided here might appear as broken, with a horizontal line strike-through (<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><del>like this<\/del><\/span>). Where we find them and can fix them, we do. Please let us know.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Some links which report the URLs as we access them might appear here to be broken because, it seems, their access depends upon the gate-keeping thresholds of their own websites (for example, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">jstor<\/a>), which require some action upon entry from you, such as:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">1) to confirm that you are human,<br \/>\n2) respond with some form of acknowledgement of their website cookie policies, and\/or<br \/>\n3) have access by subscription to the site.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">If you have difficulties or questions, please <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/contact-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contact Us<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[1]<\/strong>\u00a0Boethius, <em>Boethius: Poems From On the Consolation of Philosophy<\/em>, trans. Peter Glassgold (New York: World Poetry Books, 2024), 136, 138.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[2]<\/strong> Boethius\/Glassgold, 136, 138.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[3]<\/strong>\u00a0Dana Delibovi, \u201cThe Deep Humanity of Boethius: An Interview with Peter Glassgold, creator of collaged \u201cEnglishings\u201d of the poems from Boethius\u2019 <em>On the Consolation of Philosophy<\/em>,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/cablestreet.org\/issue-7-table-of-contents\/colloquy-2\/the-deep-humanity-of-boethius\/\" target=\"_blank\u201d rel=\" rel=\"noopener\">Cable Street 2, no. 7 (2024)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[4]<\/strong> Boethius\/Glassgold, 9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[5]<\/strong>\u00a0Boethius\/Glassgold, xi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[6]<\/strong>\u00a0As Mildred Budny has noted in a personal communication.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[7]<\/strong>\u00a0\u201cAdam Scrivener\u201d as been identified by L.R. Mooney as the scribe Adam Pinkhurst, although other scholars have dissented. See:<\/p>\n<p>Linne R Mooney, \u201cChaucer\u2019s Scribe.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/20463608\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\"><em>Speculum<\/em> 81, no. 1 (2006): 97\u2013138<\/a> (= https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/20463608); and<\/p>\n<p>Jane Roberts, \u201cOn Giving Scribe B a Name and a Clutch of London Manuscripts From c. 1400.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/43632873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\"><em>Medium \u00c6vum<\/em> 80, no. 2 (2011): 247\u201370<\/a> (= https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/43632873).<\/p>\n<p><strong>[8]<\/strong>\u00a0Benkert, Lysbeth. &#8220;Translation as Image-Making: Elizabeth I&#8217;s Translation of Boethius&#8217;s <i>Consolation of Philosophy<\/i>.&#8221; <i>Early Modern Literary Studies<\/i> 6.3 (January, 2001): 2.1\u201320, via <a href=\"http:\/\/purl.oclc.org\/emls\/06-3\/benkboet.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/purl.oclc.org\/emls\/06-3\/benkboet.htm<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>Queen Elizabeth&#8217;s Englishings of Boethius, <\/em>De Consolatione Philosophiae<em>, A.D. 1593; Plutarch, <\/em>De Curiositate<em>, Horace, <\/em>De Arte Poetica<em> (part), A.D. 1598, edited from the unique MS, partly in the Queen&#8217;s Hand, in the Public Record Office, London, by Miss Caroline Pemberton<\/em>. Early English Text Society, Original Series, 113 (London, 1899),\u00a0via <a href=\"https:\/\/ia800504.us.archive.org\/9\/items\/queenelizabethse00eliz\/queenelizabethse00eliz.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ia800504.us.archive.org\/9\/items\/queenelizabethse00eliz\/queenelizabethse00eliz.pdf.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Also <em>The Consolation of Queen Elizabeth I: The Queen&#8217;s Translation of Boethius&#8217;s De Consolatione Philosophiae. Public Record Office Manuscript SP 12\/289,<\/em> ed. Noel Harold Kaylor, Jr., and Philip Edward Phillips<em>.<\/em> Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, Volume 366 (Tempe, Arizona, 2009).<\/p>\n<p><strong>[9]<\/strong>\u00a0Boethius\/Glassgold, 138.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[10]\u00a0<\/strong>Ittai Weinryb, \u201cLiving Matter: Materiality, Maker, and Ornament in the Middle Ages,\u201d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.1086\/672086\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\"> <em>Gesta<\/em> 52, no. 2 (2013): 128<\/a> (= https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.1086\/672086).<\/p>\n<p><strong>[11]<\/strong>\u00a0Walter Benjamin, \u201cThe Task of the Translator,\u201d in <em>Illuminations<\/em>, ed. Hannah Arendt (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2019), 11; Also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.konstfack.se\/PageFiles\/46686\/Walter%20Benjamin%20-%20The%20task%20of%20the%20Translator.pdf\">&#8220;Walter Benjamin as Translator&#8221;<\/a> (= https:\/\/www.konstfack.se\/PageFiles\/46686\/Walter%20Benjamin%20-%20The%20task%20of%20the%20Translator.pdf).<\/p>\n<p>Jacques Derrida, \u201cWhat Is a Relevant Translation?\u201d trans. Lawrence Venuti, <a href=\"https:\/\/trad1y2ffyl.wordpress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/venuti31.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Critical Inquiry<\/em> 27, Winter (2001), 199\u2013200<\/a> (= https:\/\/trad1y2ffyl.wordpress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/venuti31.pdf).<\/p>\n<p>Subhas Dasgupta, \u201cTagore\u2019s Concept of Translation: A Critical Study,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/23345972\" class=\"broken_link\"><em>Indian Literature<\/em> 56, no. 3 (2012), 139\u2013140<\/a> (= https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/23345972).<\/p>\n<p><strong>[12]<\/strong> Benjamin\/Arendt, 14\u201315.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[13]<\/strong>\u00a0The National Archives, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/education\/resources\/elizabeth-monarchy\/elizabeths-translation-of-the-consolation-of-philosophy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cElizabeth\u2019s Translation of <em>The Consolation of Philosophy<\/em>\u201d<\/a> (= https:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/education\/resources\/elizabeth-monarchy\/elizabeths-translation-of-the-consolation-of-philosophy\/); Boethius\/Glassgold, 87.<\/p>\n<p>*****<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Manuscript as Creative Undercurrent: Reflections on the Reissue of Glassgold\u2019s \u201cEnglishings\u201d of Poems by Boethius Dana Delibovi [Posted on 18 March 2025] Editor&#8217;s Note We welcome Dana Delibovi as Guest Blogger. We thank her for sharing her explorations on a subject dear to our hearts. Imprisoned and awaiting execution, Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius (c. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":20039,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[2775,678,2776],"tags":[2743,2739,2752,2740,2747,2751,2774,2742,861,2741,2754,7,2750,12,2753,2746,2745,2749,2744,2748],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19918"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19918"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19918\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20234,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19918\/revisions\/20234"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19918"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19918"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19918"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}