{"id":15757,"date":"2021-07-07T18:58:27","date_gmt":"2021-07-07T18:58:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/?p=15757"},"modified":"2022-01-19T14:40:06","modified_gmt":"2022-01-19T14:40:06","slug":"2021-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-report","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2021-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-report\/","title":{"rendered":"2021 International Congress on Medieval Studies Report"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Report<\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Activities of the<br \/>\nResearch Group on Manuscript Evidence<br \/>\nat the<br \/>\n56th International Congress on Medieval Studies<br \/>\n(<span style=\"color: #000000;\">10\u201315<\/span> May 2021)<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">#kzoo2021<\/span> \/ <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">#kazoo2021<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11925\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11925\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11925 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r-cropped-more-300x240.jpg\" alt=\"Baltimore, The Walters Art Museum, MS W.782, folio 15r. Van Alphen Hours. Dutch Book of Hours made for a female patron in the mid 15th century. Opening page of the Hours of the Virgin: &quot;Here du salste opdoen mine lippen&quot;. Image via Creative Commons. At the bottom of the bordered page, an elegantly dressed woman sits before a shiny bowl- or mirror-like object, in order, perhaps, to perform skrying or to lure a unicorn.\" width=\"300\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r-cropped-more-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r-cropped-more-150x120.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r-cropped-more.jpg 496w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-11925\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Baltimore, The Walters Art Museum, MS W.782, folio 15r. Van Alphen Hours. Dutch Book of Hours. Image via Creative Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>We report the accomplishment of our activities at the 2021 ICMS, held entirely online. Individually and collectively, we have attended the Congress for many years.\u00a0 Our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/profile\/sponsored-sessions-at-the-international-congress-on-medieval-studies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ICMS<\/a> blog records activities sponsored and co-sponsored by the RGME along the way.<\/p>\n<p>This year&#8217;s Congress presented the first time for a totally &#8220;virtual&#8221; process.\u00a0 Next year&#8217;s Congress will be the second.<\/p>\n<p>The new format posed challenges, mostly surmounted.\u00a0 Gladly we observe that, albeit with several technical glitches and scheduling issues, the activities of the RGME, both sponsored and co-sponsored, succeeded as we had wished.\u00a0 The Sessions and Business Meeting proceeded smoothly, with time and scope for feedback and discussion.<\/p>\n<h3>How We Prepared<\/h3>\n<p>First, there was the cancellation of the 2020 Congress itself.\u00a0 See our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2020-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-program-announced\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2020 Congress Program Announced<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Then came the re-planning for the 2021 Congress.\u00a0 Initially, it was designed to be held in person, like the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2019-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2019 Congress<\/a>, and others before it.<\/p>\n<p>Only after all the re-submissions of our intended 2020 Sessions to the Congress Committee, the completion of the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2021-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-call-for-papers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2021 Congress Call for Papers<\/a>, the selection of the Session Programs, and the bookings for our Reception and Business Meeting (see our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2021-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-program-planning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2021 Congress Planning<\/a>), did there come the decision that the 2021 Congress had to take place only online.<\/p>\n<p>That choice led all 3 co-sponsors for our planned <strong>Reception<\/strong> \u2014RGME, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.societasmagica.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Societas Magica<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/theindex.princeton.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Index of Medieval Art<\/a> \u2014 to agree that it makes sense to wait, instead, for such an event until a suitable occasion in person.\u00a0 Likewise, a few rearrangements were required for the Sessions as had been planned.<\/p>\n<p>Preparing for the 5 Sessions and our Open Business Meeting, we announced our Activities for the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2021-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-program-announced\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2021 Congress Program<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Next came the Congress itself, as described in its own <a href=\"https:\/\/wmich.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/attachments\/u434\/2021\/medieval-program-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">Program<\/a> (plus Corrigenda), with further information on its <a href=\"https:\/\/wmich.edu\/medievalcongress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">website<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Sessions<\/h2>\n<h3>Recorded Sessions<\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_15762\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15762\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15762 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_163051-Vajra-at-his-AZO-2021-Session-300x164.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_163051-Vajra-at-his-AZO-2021-Session-300x164.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_163051-Vajra-at-his-AZO-2021-Session-1024x561.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_163051-Vajra-at-his-AZO-2021-Session-150x82.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_163051-Vajra-at-his-AZO-2021-Session-768x421.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_163051-Vajra-at-his-AZO-2021-Session-1536x841.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_163051-Vajra-at-his-AZO-2021-Session-2048x1122.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15762\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vajra Regan presents his Paper for his 2021 Congress Session on &#8220;Prologues&#8221;.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>With the virtual format, some Congress events were recorded, so as to be available for viewing by Congress Registrants from 17 to 29 May.\u00a0 According with the participants&#8217; wishes, 2 of our Sessions were recorded.\u00a0\u00a0 <em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Medieval Magic in Theory:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Prologues to Learned Texts of Magic<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Congress Session 103<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Revealing the Unknown, II<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\nCongress Session 279<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Thus were available, for a time, the chances to view and to re-view, a few of our activities &#8216;there&#8217; this year.\u00a0 For them and the others, this Report describes the accomplishment of the plans, already for the 2020 Congress, which had to be cancelled.\u00a0 This year&#8217;s Congress gave the opportunity to complete the plan, with some changes as appropriate.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2>2020&gt;2021<\/h2>\n<p>After the cancellation of the 2020 Congress (see our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2020-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-program-announced\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2020 Congress Program Announced<\/a>), preparations for the 2021 Congress permitted re-submitting the sessions which had been designed to take place in May 2020. By popular request, we performed that re-submission for all 5 Sessions. With approval by the Congress Committee, these Sessions joined the listings of all sessions on call on the <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201024125250\/https:\/\/wmich.edu\/medievalcongress\/call\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Congress website<\/a> and formed our own <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2021-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-call-for-papers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2021 Congress Call for Papers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>New for the 2021 Congress, all proposals (or re-proposals from 2020) had to be made through a Confex system, as directed on the <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201024125250\/https:\/\/wmich.edu\/medievalcongress\/call\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Congress website<\/a>. The new system imposed teething problems for prospective Participants, Session Organizers, and Sponsors. The challenges emerged in several forms at various stages, including close to the several deadlines for submission of proposals for Sessions (1 June), receipt of proposals for their Papers (15 September), and submission of our choices for their Programs (1 October), along with the bookings for our Business Meeting and Reception. We thank Elizabeth Teviotdale of the Medieval Institute for direct help at many stages.<\/p>\n<p>Then we could announce our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2021-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-program-planning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2021 Congress Planning in Progress<\/a>, while waiting to for approval from the Congress Committee for our proposed Programs and the scheduling of the Sessions.<\/p>\n<p>Now, we announce the Programs of our Sessions and publish the Abstracts of their Papers. (With updates as appropriate for the Abstracts which had been prepared for the 2020 Congress.) The Abstracts are accessible both through this <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2020-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-program-announced\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Announcement<\/a> (You are Here) and through the Indexes of published Abstracts by <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/abstracts-of-conference-papers-listed-by-year\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Year<\/a> and by <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/abstracts-of-conference-papers-listed-by-author\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Author<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>We thank our Participants and Organizers for their contributions. We look forward to the Sessions, and offer the Abstracts of Papers as a foretaste of the menu of discussion.<\/p>\n<h1>2021 Congress Activities<\/h1>\n<div id=\"attachment_11922\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11922\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11922 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller-300x236.jpg\" alt=\"Ad\u00e8le Kindt (1804\u20131884), The Fortune Teller (circa 1835). Antwerp, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten. Image via Wikimedia Commons. A young lady, brightly lit and beautifully dressed, looks outward as an older woman, beneath a dark hood, holds a set of cards and stares at them with intent.\" width=\"300\" height=\"236\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller-300x236.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller-150x118.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller-768x605.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-11922\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ad\u00e8le Kindt (1804\u20131884), The Fortune Teller (circa 1835). Antwerp, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten. Image via Wikimedia Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>1) Sessions<\/h3>\n<p>For the 2021 Congress, we presented the same 5 Sessions as those planned for the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2020-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-program-announced\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2020 Congress<\/a>, with a few changes (including 1 revised Session Title and 3 new Papers).<\/p>\n<p>They comprise 2 Sessions sponsored by the RGME 3 Sessions co-sponsored with the <a href=\"http:\/\/societasmagica.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Societas Magica<\/a>, in the 17th year of <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/profile\/co-sponsored-sessions-at-the-international-congress-on-medieval-studies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this co-sponsorship<\/a> at the International Congress on Medieval Studies.<\/p>\n<p>The 2021 Congress is the 17th year of our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/profile\/co-sponsored-sessions-at-the-international-congress-on-medieval-studies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">co-sponsorship<\/a> with the <a href=\"http:\/\/societasmagica.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Societas Magica<\/a>, in a constantly constructive partnership of friends, students, and colleagues.<\/p>\n<h3>2) Reception Postponed<\/h3>\n<p>We had planned for a Reception co-sponsored with the <a href=\"https:\/\/ima.princeton.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Index of Medieval Art at Princeton University<\/a> (formerly the Index of Christian Art) and the Societas Magica, but we agree to wait for some occasion when such a gathering might take place in person.<\/p>\n<p>Glimpses of our co-sponsored <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/events-list\/receptions-and-parties\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Receptions<\/a> at the Congress appear in the souvenirs of our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/events-list\/receptions-and-parties\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Celebrations<\/a> and in the Reports for the individual Congresses<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2019-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2019<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2019-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-behind-the-scenes-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2019 Behind the Scenes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2018-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2018<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/doctor-who-done-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2016<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2015-reception\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2015<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2014-anniversary-reception\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2014 Anniversary<\/a> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3) Business Meeting<\/h3>\n<p>Like the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/congress-activities\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2015\u20132020 Congresses<\/a>, we planned for an <strong>Open Business Meeting<\/strong>.\u00a0 Customarily, the Meeting is accompanied by a 1-page <strong>Agenda<\/strong>, which concisely reports our Activities, Plans, and Desiderata.<\/p>\n<p>Responding to changes, the <strong>Agenda<\/strong> for the 2021 Business Meeting adopted a new approach.\u00a0 The revised <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/12962\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2020 Agenda<\/a> for the postponed <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2020-international-congress-on-medieval-studies-program-announced\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2020 Business Meeting<\/a> took into account the changes for that year. The <strong>Agenda<\/strong> for 2021 offers scope for renewal.\u00a0 This year, we continue to offer the 1-page <strong>Agenda<\/strong> in customary form, encapsulating a set of <strong>Reports<\/strong> about Activities in progress, accomplished, planned, and desired. Earlier years call it the <strong>Agenda<\/strong>, Reports included. This year, we call it the <strong>Agenda Report<\/strong>. To it, we add another 1-page list of items which focus upon the <strong>Agenda<\/strong> for the Business Meeting itself.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15483\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2021 Agenda Report<\/a> and <a href=\"ce.org\/wpme\/download\/15733\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2021 Congress Business Meeting Agenda<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/12962\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2020 Agenda<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Their 1-page statements serve as concise Reports for our Activities, Plans, and Desiderata. Some of the <strong>Agendas<\/strong> over the years stand among the Top 5 Most Popular Downloads on our site.\u00a0 <a>These publications, like most of our <\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/profile\/publications\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Publications<\/a><a>, are FREE, but we welcome donations, both in funds and in kind, for our nonprofit mission, with the option of tax-deduction for your <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/contributions-and-donations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Donations<\/a><a>.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>For more information about our 2020 Business Meeting, please visit the page for our evolving tradition of <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/business-meetings\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Business Meetings<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h1>2021 Congress Sessions<\/h1>\n<p>Our events at the Congress, as always, are designed to represent, to explore, to promote, to celebrate, and to advance aspects of our shared range of interests, fields of study, subject matter, and collaboration between younger and established scholars, teachers, and others, in multiple centers.<\/p>\n<p>Again we co-sponsored Sessions with the <a href=\"http:\/\/societasmagica.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Societas Magica<\/a> (3 Sessions this year), in the 17th year of <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/profile\/co-sponsored-sessions-at-the-international-congress-on-medieval-studies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this co-sponsorship<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>5 Sessions<\/h2>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Heavy-LOGO1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-784 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Heavy-LOGO1-150x138.jpg\" alt=\"Logo of the Research Group on Manuscript Evidence (colour version)\" width=\"150\" height=\"138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Heavy-LOGO1-150x138.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Heavy-LOGO1-300x277.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Heavy-LOGO1.jpg 324w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>I. Sponsored by the Research Group on Manuscript Evidence<\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Sessions 1\u20132<\/h2>\n<h2>1\u20132. Seal the Real: Documentary Records, Seals &amp; Authentications<\/h2>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Congress Sessions 259 and 279<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/wmich.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/attachments\/u434\/2021\/medieval-program-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">2021 Congress Program<\/a><\/em>, pages 92\u201393 and 100\u2013101.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Organizer<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mildred Budny<\/strong> (<em>Research Group on Manuscript Evidence<\/em>)<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4616\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4616\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4616 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/268-document-1354-OS-from-Gratianopolis-300x196.jpg\" alt=\"Document in 5 lines on paper, dated 22 February 1345 (Old Style), with red wax seal. Image reproduced by permisison.\" width=\"300\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/268-document-1354-OS-from-Gratianopolis-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/268-document-1354-OS-from-Gratianopolis-150x98.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/268-document-1354-OS-from-Gratianopolis.jpg 752w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-4616\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Document from Grenoble dated 22 February 1345 (Old Style), with wax seal. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3><em>The Aim:<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>These sessions explore the presentation and attestation of documentary records in the medieval and early modern periods, in the long transition to the modern custom of signatures as autographs \u2014 as distinct (partly) from earlier &#8216;signatures&#8217; often made by proxy, whether by cross-signs, names inscribed by others on behalf of the signatory, personal or official seals, or other forms. The fields of consideration include forgeries (&#8216;signatures&#8217;, seals, and questionable documents), reported records of documents perhaps otherwise lost (as in cartularies, chronicles, and other narratives), and the occasional preservation of fingerprints upon the records themselves.<\/p>\n<p>The time-honored human determination to establish recognized \u2014 that is, effective \u2014 modes of authenticating intentions and actions by individuals and institutions alike underpins the historical transmission (or disruption, willful and otherwise) of formal records of agreements, sales, transfers, decisions over grievances and feuds, and other impactful official arrangements across the centuries. Examining case studies for this session, we encourage multiple approaches, subject matters, and methodologies for analyzing the strategies adopted (successfully or otherwise) in the pursuit of such a quest for authentication.<\/p>\n<p>The desire effectively to express identity and authenticity as a matter of record may well resonate with many participants. The Session considers aspects of the historical traditions, improvisations, inventions, and (it may be) occasional failures of earlier centuries in such a quest. Perchance we might learn instructively from the past.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Part I: Signed &amp; Sealed <\/strong><\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_12222\" style=\"width: 236px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12222\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-12222 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/6a00d8341c464853ef01b8d273e785970c-500wi-226x300.jpg\" alt=\"London, British Library, Cotton MS Nero D I, folio 146v. Matthew Paris\u2019s description in the 'Liber Additamentorum' of the gems of Saint Albans Abbey.\" width=\"226\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/6a00d8341c464853ef01b8d273e785970c-500wi-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/6a00d8341c464853ef01b8d273e785970c-500wi-113x150.jpg 113w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/6a00d8341c464853ef01b8d273e785970c-500wi.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 226px) 100vw, 226px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-12222\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">London, British Library, Cotton MS Nero D I, folio 146v. Matthew Paris\u2019s description in the &#8216;Liber Additamentorum&#8217; of the gems of Saint Albans Abbey.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><em>Presider<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Derek Shank<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Presenters<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Laura J. Whatley<\/strong> (Fine Arts Department, Auburn University \u2014 Montgomery)<br \/>\n\u201cSealing the Historical Record in Matthew Paris\u2019s <em>Chronica Maiora\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/whatley-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>John McEwan<\/strong> (Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Saint Louis University)<br \/>\n\u201cAntiquity Revisited: Ancient Gems in Medieval English Seals\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/mcewan-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>James Eric Ensley<\/strong> (English Department, Yale University)<br \/>\n\u201cSigned, Sealed, Delivered? Hoccleve\u2019s Ambiguous Seal Poetics\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/ensley-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Part II: \u00d7 Marks the Spot<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><em>Presider<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Derek Shank<\/strong> (Research Group on Manuscript Evidence)<\/p>\n<p><em>Presenters<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Michael F. Webb<\/strong> (Independent Scholar, Detroit, Michigan)<br \/>\n\u201cBy Our Own Hand: Cross-Signs in the Cartularies of Angoumois\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/webb-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>David W. Sorenson<\/strong> (Alan G. Berman, Numismatist)<br \/>\n\u201cA Strange Seal from Grenoble from 1346, or Headbinding in France: Carryover and\/or Forerunner in Toulouse?\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/sorenson-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4617\" style=\"width: 571px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4617\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4617 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/4151.jpg\" alt=\"The red wax seal seen upright, with the male human head facing left. Document on paper issued at Grenoble and dated 13 February 1345 (Old Style). Image reproduced by permission\" width=\"561\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/4151.jpg 561w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/4151-140x150.jpg 140w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/4151-281x300.jpg 281w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-4617\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Seal on a Document from Grenoble of 22 February 1345 (Old Style).<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_4617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><em>Respondent<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mildred Budny<\/strong><br \/>\n\u201cSeals, Matrices, and Signatures: A Response\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/budny-2021-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Response<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Also, see our blog for on-going discoveries in the study of seal matrices, signatures, and documents, seals sometimes included:<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/category\/manuscript-studies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Manuscript Studies<\/a>, for which see its <a href=\"http:\/\/www.manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/manuscript-studies-contents-list\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contents List<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>II. Co-Sponsored with the <a href=\"http:\/\/societasmagica.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Societas Magica<\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/SocMaghead23.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-4850\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/SocMaghead23.png\" alt=\"Logo of the Societas Magica, reproduced by permission\" width=\"270\" height=\"154\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/SocMaghead23.png 175w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/SocMaghead23-150x86.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 270px) 100vw, 270px\" \/><\/a>Sessions 3\u20135<\/h2>\n<h2>Session 3. Medieval Magic in Theory:<br \/>\n<strong>Prologues to Learned Texts of Magic<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Congress Session 103<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/wmich.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/attachments\/u434\/2021\/medieval-program-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">2021 Congress Program<\/a><\/em>, pages 38\u201339.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Organizer <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vajra Regan <\/strong>(Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Toronto)<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13995\" style=\"width: 260px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13995\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-13995\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Hermes-Trismegistus-4-Vajra.png\" alt=\"Hermes Trismegistus. Frontispiece image (Lyons, 1669) via Wikimedia Commons and Wellcome Images (Wellcome_L0000980).\" width=\"250\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Hermes-Trismegistus-4-Vajra.png 169w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Hermes-Trismegistus-4-Vajra-147x150.png 147w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-13995\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hermes Trismegistus. Frontispiece image (Lyons, 1669) via Wikimedia Commons and Wellcome Images.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3><em>The Aim:<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>The prologues to medieval texts of learned magic could serve a variety of functions. They were a space for their authors to announce the theme of the work, to situate the work within a specific literary, philosophical, or theological landscape, and to lay special claim to the reader\u2019s attention. Consequently, these prologues have much to tell us about the traditions and beliefs underlying certain magical texts. Moreover, because many magical texts are substantially anonymous compilations, their prologues often provide unique access to the lives and contexts of the men and women behind the parchment.<\/p>\n<p>The aim of this session is to explore these still largely understudied prologues which testify to the variety of medieval approaches to &#8216;magic&#8217;. We are especially interested in how magic is theorized in these prologues. What insights do these prologues offer into contemporary debates about the epistemological status of magic? Moreover, what can they tell us about the social, religious, and institutional contexts of their authors and readers?<\/p>\n<p><em>Organizer<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vajra Regan <\/strong>(Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Toronto)<\/p>\n<p><em><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-15865\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_153259-AZO-2021-MB-Presiding-for-Vajras-Session-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_153259-AZO-2021-MB-Presiding-for-Vajras-Session-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_153259-AZO-2021-MB-Presiding-for-Vajras-Session-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_153259-AZO-2021-MB-Presiding-for-Vajras-Session-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_153259-AZO-2021-MB-Presiding-for-Vajras-Session-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_153259-AZO-2021-MB-Presiding-for-Vajras-Session-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_153259-AZO-2021-MB-Presiding-for-Vajras-Session-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Presider<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mildred Budny<\/strong> (Research Group on Manuscript Evidence)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Presenters<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_15764\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15764\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15764 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_153055-David-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-300x147.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_153055-David-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-300x147.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_153055-David-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-1024x503.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_153055-David-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-150x74.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_153055-David-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-768x377.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_153055-David-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-1536x754.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_153055-David-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-2048x1006.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15764\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Porreca presents his Paper for Vajra&#8217;s 2021 Congress Session.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>David Porreca<\/strong> (Department of Classics, University of Waterloo)<br \/>\n&#8220;Introducing the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Picatrix\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Picatrix<\/em><\/a>: The Prologue&#8217;s Balancing Act between Content and Perception&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/porreca-2021-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vajra Regan <\/strong><br \/>\n&#8220;The Secret in the Prologue to the Collected Treasures:<br \/>\nBiblical Allusions, Occult References, and Coded Language in a Thirteenth-Century Medical\u2013Magical Lapidary\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/regan-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Handouts 1 &amp; 2<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/dlm_uploads\/2021\/04\/Handout-Latin-and-English-Revised.pdf\">Handout Latin and English (Revised)<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Handout-Copyright_Areola.pdf\">Handout Copyright_Areola<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_15867\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15867\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15867\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Responds-to-his-Session-cropped-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Responds-to-his-Session-cropped-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Responds-to-his-Session-cropped-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Responds-to-his-Session-cropped-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Responds-to-his-Session-cropped-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Responds-to-his-Session-cropped-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Responds-to-his-Session-cropped-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15867\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vajra Speaks in his Session at the 2021 Congress.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_15869\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15869\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15869\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Listens-at-his-Session-cropped-300x163.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Listens-at-his-Session-cropped-300x163.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Listens-at-his-Session-cropped-1024x557.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Listens-at-his-Session-cropped-150x82.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Listens-at-his-Session-cropped-768x418.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Listens-at-his-Session-cropped-1536x836.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172711-2021-AZO-Vajra-Listens-at-his-Session-cropped-2048x1115.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15869\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vajra Listens in his Session at the 2021 Congress.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_15868\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15868\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15868\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172744-2021-AZO-Vajra-Smiles-in-his-Session-cropped-300x166.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172744-2021-AZO-Vajra-Smiles-in-his-Session-cropped-300x166.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172744-2021-AZO-Vajra-Smiles-in-his-Session-cropped-1024x568.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172744-2021-AZO-Vajra-Smiles-in-his-Session-cropped-150x83.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172744-2021-AZO-Vajra-Smiles-in-his-Session-cropped-768x426.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172744-2021-AZO-Vajra-Smiles-in-his-Session-cropped-1536x852.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_172744-2021-AZO-Vajra-Smiles-in-his-Session-cropped-2048x1135.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15868\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vajra Smiles in his Session at the 2021 Congress.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><em>Respondent<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_15763\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15763\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15763 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_224819-Phillip-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_224819-Phillip-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_224819-Phillip-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_224819-Phillip-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_224819-Phillip-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_224819-Phillip-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-1536x865.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210529_224819-Phillip-4-Vajras-Session-cropped-2048x1153.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15763\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phillip Bernhardt-House presents his Response for Vajra&#8217;s 2021 Session.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Phillip A. Bernhardt\u2013House<\/strong> (Skagit Valley College, Whidby Island Campus, and Columbia College, NAS Whidby Island Campus)<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;(Auto)Biography, Anonymity, and Authority:<br \/>\nPrologues and Their Lack in a Selection of Magical Texts<br \/>\n(A Response)&#8221;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11000\" style=\"width: 242px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11000\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11000 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-RGME-All-Celtic-Magic-Session-with-border-232x300.png\" alt=\"Poster for our Session co-sponsored with the Societas Magica on &quot;Celtic Magic Texts&quot;, organized by Phillip A. Bernhardt-House and sponsored by both the Research Group on Manuscript Evidence amd the Societas Magica at the 2018 International Congress on Medieval Studies. Poster set in RGME Bembino.\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-RGME-All-Celtic-Magic-Session-with-border-232x300.png 232w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-RGME-All-Celtic-Magic-Session-with-border-116x150.png 116w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-RGME-All-Celtic-Magic-Session-with-border.png 616w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 232px) 100vw, 232px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-11000\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">2018 Poster for Session on &#8220;Celtic Magic Texts&#8221;.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/bernhardt-house-2021-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Response<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_15862\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15862\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15862\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20210529_170700-AZO-2021-Phillip-Shows-the-RGME-Celtic-Poster-cropped-300x167.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"167\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20210529_170700-AZO-2021-Phillip-Shows-the-RGME-Celtic-Poster-cropped-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20210529_170700-AZO-2021-Phillip-Shows-the-RGME-Celtic-Poster-cropped-1024x570.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20210529_170700-AZO-2021-Phillip-Shows-the-RGME-Celtic-Poster-cropped-150x83.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20210529_170700-AZO-2021-Phillip-Shows-the-RGME-Celtic-Poster-cropped-768x427.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20210529_170700-AZO-2021-Phillip-Shows-the-RGME-Celtic-Poster-cropped-1536x855.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20210529_170700-AZO-2021-Phillip-Shows-the-RGME-Celtic-Poster-cropped-2048x1140.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15862\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">At the 2021 Congress online, Phillip Bernhardt-House shows the RGME Poster for his 2018 Congress Session.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Among the texts which Phillip considered in his Response are the early-medieval Irish <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ancienttexts.org\/library\/celtic\/ctexts\/incantations_gall.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Saint. Gall Incantations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>As a &#8216;bonus&#8217;, Phillip surprised us pleasantly by showing us the RGME Poster for his 2018 Session on &#8220;Celtic Magic Texts&#8221;.\u00a0 He remarked, &#8220;it wouldn&#8217;t be a Congress Session without one of Milly&#8217;s Posters&#8221;.<\/p>\n<h3>New for this Year:\u00a0 This Session&#8217;s &#8216;Home Page&#8217;<\/h3>\n<p>In a new development for the RGME, this Session now has its own Page:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/medieval-magic-in-theory\/&quot;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Medieval Magic in Theory<\/a>. It gathers into one place the description, Abstracts, links, and illustrations for the Session. We invite you to have a look, and, if you wish, to offer Comments and feedback.<\/p>\n<h2>Sessions 4\u20135: <strong>Revealing the Unknown, Parts I\u2013II<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Congress Sessions 181 and 201<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/wmich.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/attachments\/u434\/2021\/medieval-program-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">2021 Congress Program<\/a><\/em>, pages 66 and 73.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_11924\" style=\"width: 1289px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11924\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11924 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r.jpg\" alt=\"Baltimore, The Walters Art Museum, MS W.782, folio 15r. Van Alphen Hours. Dutch Book of Hours made for a female patron in the mid 15th century. Opening page of the Hours of the Virgin: &quot;Here du salste opdoen mine lippen&quot;. Image via Creative Commons. At the bottom of the bordered page, an elegantly dressed woman sits before a shiny bowl- or mirror-like object, in order, perhaps, to perform skrying or to lure a unicorn.\" width=\"1279\" height=\"1800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r.jpg 1279w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r-107x150.jpg 107w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r-213x300.jpg 213w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r-768x1081.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/W782_000033_sap-fol-15r-728x1024.jpg 728w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1279px) 100vw, 1279px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-11924\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Baltimore, The Walters Art Museum, MS W.782, folio 15r. Van Alphen Hours. Dutch Book of Hours. Opening page of the Hours of the Virgin. Image via Creative Commons. At the bottom of the bordered page, an elegantly dressed woman sits before a shiny bowl- or mirror-like object, in order, perhaps, to perform skrying or to lure a unicorn.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>4. Revealing the Unknown I:<br \/>\nScryers and Scrying in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period<\/h2>\n<p>[<em>Note: Some last-minute changes to the <a href=\"https:\/\/wmich.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/attachments\/u434\/2021\/medieval-program-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">Program<\/a>, as of 11 May 2021, are reported here as <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Updates<\/span><\/em>.]<\/p>\n<p><em>Organizers<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sanne de Laat<\/strong><br \/>\nEnglish Department<br \/>\nRadboud University Nijmegen<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u00e1szl\u00f3 S\u00e1ndor Chardonnens<\/strong><br \/>\nEnglish Department<br \/>\nRadboud University Nijmegen<br \/>\nThe Netherlands<\/p>\n<h3><em>The Aim:<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>From the little boy on the lap of the priest to the astrologer physician <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Napier\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Napier<\/a>, scryers have fulfilled a significant role in spirit communications throughout the Middle Ages and early modern period. That children were instrumentalized by clergy doubling as ritual magicians has been known for a long time. The activities of professional adult scryers, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edward_Kelley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Edward Kelley<\/a> and Sarah Skelhorn, are likewise well-documented. Recently, however, attention has moved to the scrying activities of medical and astrological professionals, as Ofer Hadass\u2019s study of Richard Napier bears out. The autobiography of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Lilly\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">William Lilly<\/a> and the manuscripts of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elias_Ashmole\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elias Ashmole<\/a> suggest that early modern astrologer physicians utilized scrying in different ways from the medieval clerical underworld.<\/p>\n<p>This session offers an opportunity to reassess older notions about scryers and scrying, and to engage with current research on the identity and activities of professional scryers. Topics for papers could feature, for instance, the techniques used by scryers, the necessary instruments for this craft, as well as the goals for which a scryer\u2019s services could be used. Diachronic approaches to the topic are welcome, and papers that consider cross-cultural approaches, such as Jewish or Arabic scryers and scrying practices, are encouraged.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11920\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11920\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11920 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Magic-mirror-of-Floron-Mathematisch-Physikalischer-Salon-Staatliche-Kunstsammlungen-Dresden-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Magic mirror of Floron . Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden. Image via Creative Commons.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Magic-mirror-of-Floron-Mathematisch-Physikalischer-Salon-Staatliche-Kunstsammlungen-Dresden-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Magic-mirror-of-Floron-Mathematisch-Physikalischer-Salon-Staatliche-Kunstsammlungen-Dresden-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Magic-mirror-of-Floron-Mathematisch-Physikalischer-Salon-Staatliche-Kunstsammlungen-Dresden-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Magic-mirror-of-Floron-Mathematisch-Physikalischer-Salon-Staatliche-Kunstsammlungen-Dresden-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-11920\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Magic mirror of Floron. Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden. Via Creative Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><em>Presider<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u00e1szl\u00f3 S\u00e1ndor Chardonnens <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>Update<\/em><\/span>: &gt; <strong>Mildred Budny<\/strong> (Research Group on Manuscript Evidence)<\/p>\n<p><em>Presenters<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Colleu<\/strong> (POLEN Lab, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans)<br \/>\n\u201c<em>Alia experimentum<\/em> [<em>sic<\/em>] <em>cristalli pro puero<\/em>: Scrying in a 15th-century Nigromantic Manuscript\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/colleu-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Daniel M. Harms<\/strong> (Associate Librarian, SUNY Cortland)<br \/>\n&#8220;Scrying with the Saints: Holy Personalities and Their Marginality in Early Modern Magic&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/harms-2021-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sanne de Laat <\/strong><br \/>\n\u201cSeeing the Whole Picture: Scryers and Their Networks in Medieval and Early Modern England\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/de-laat-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Marla Segol<\/strong> (State University of New York at Buffalo)<br \/>\n\u201cGender and Scrying in 16th-Century Ottoman Kabbalah\u201d<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Update<\/span>: Marla was unable to attend or present her paper. It was represented by her Abstract, which the Presider read in her stead, with permission by both the Author and the originally intended Presider.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/segol-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Editor&#8217;s Note<\/span>:\u00a0 It can be useful to have an Abstract in place, as a place-holder, when conditions do not permit the presentation, however intended, to take place at the appointed time.\u00a0 The Abstracts, with the Authors&#8217; Permission, are available not only through our posts for the individual Congresses, but also through the Indexes by Year and by Authors&#8217; Surnames.]<\/p>\n<h2>5. <strong>Revealing the Unknown II:<br \/>\nSortil\u00e8ge, Bibliomancy, and Divination<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><em>Organizer<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Phillip A. Bernhardt-House<\/strong> (Skagit Valley College, Whidby Island Campus, and Columbia College, NAS Whidby Island Campus)<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:phillip.bernhardthouse@gmail.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">phillip.bernhardthouse@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><em>The Aim:<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>From earliest times, humans have sought methods to contact supernatural entities to obtain knowledge of the present or future, known as divination. In ancient and medieval contexts, two such methods that were sometimes connected were sortil\u00e8ge and bibliomancy: for example, the Lots of Mary, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sortes_Astrampsychi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Sortes Astramphysychi<\/em><\/a>, Homeric Oracles, and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sortes_Vergilianae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Virgilian Oracles<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>These practices involved numerological processes to select specific passages from canonical texts in order to divine on desired topics. This session focuses on these and other methods of divination, so as to understand how textual and other authorities became invested with powers far greater than the impacts of their literary merits.<\/p>\n<p><em>Presider<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Phillip A. Bernhardt-House<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In opening and closing the Session, Phillip demonstrated a consultation, regarding a successful accomplishment, of the ancient method of Divination by the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ephesia_Grammata\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ephesia Grammata<\/a>.\u00a0 His chosen method employs a formula of six words:<\/p>\n<dl>\n<dd><span lang=\"und-Grek\" title=\"undetermined-language text\">\u0391\u03a3\u039a\u0399(\u039f\u039d) \u039a\u0391\u03a4\u0391\u03a3\u039a\u0399(\u039f\u039d) \u039b\u0399\u039e \u03a4\u0395\u03a4\u03a1\u0391\u039e \u0394\u0391\u039c\u039d\u0391\u039c\u0395\u039d\u0395\u03a5\u03a3 \u0391\u0399\u03a3\u0399\u039f\u039d<\/span> (or <span lang=\"und-Grek\" title=\"undetermined-language text\">\u0391\u0399\u03a3\u0399\u0391<\/span>)<\/dd>\n<dd><i><i lang=\"und\" title=\"undetermined-language text\">aski(on) kataski(on) lix tetrax damnameneus aision (aisia)<\/i><\/i><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p>He has demonstrated the method for us also in earlier years of the Congress.\u00a0 This time, his questions addressed the successful accomplishment of the Session.\u00a0 As part of the demonstration, Phillip explained both the process of formulating questions and the directions for interpretations of the &#8216;answers&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p><em>Presenters<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mark Roblee<\/strong> (Department of History, University of Massachusetts Amherst)<br \/>\n&#8220;The Chaldean Oracles and the Ritual Divination Practices of the Neoplatonists in Late Antiquity&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/roblee-2021-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>[Note:<br \/>\n<\/strong>The following paper was not included in the online Session, although the Abstract indicates the intended scope and range.<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Laurence Erussard<\/strong> (English Department, Hobart and Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York)<br \/>\n\u201cDivination: The Carving of Runes, and Their Relationship to Poetry in Icelandic Literature\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/erussard-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><strong>\u00a0]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_15858\" style=\"width: 722px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15858\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15858 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/DP108983r1M_50EE-712x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"712\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/DP108983r1M_50EE-712x1024.jpg 712w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/DP108983r1M_50EE-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/DP108983r1M_50EE-104x150.jpg 104w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/DP108983r1M_50EE-768x1104.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/DP108983r1M_50EE-1068x1536.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/DP108983r1M_50EE.jpg 1211w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 712px) 100vw, 712px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15858\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woodcut frontispiece by Guiseppe Porta for Francesco Marolini da Forli, Le Sorti . . . (Venice, 1540). Image Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_15859\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15859\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15859 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-300x148.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-300x148.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-1024x505.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-150x74.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-768x379.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-1536x758.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-2048x1011.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15859\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Conrad presents his Paper for the 2021 Congress.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Michael A. Conrad<\/strong> (Kunsthistorisches Institut, University of Zurich)<br \/>\n\u201cUnlocking the Future: Remarks on the Materiality of Tools of Sortil\u00e8ge\u201d<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Update<\/span>:\u00a0 Title Change &gt;<br \/>\n&#8220;Leafing Through Flowers:\u00a0 Ecological Networks of Sortil\u00e8ge and Sortition&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/conrad-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The New Title Onscreen:<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_15854\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15854\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15854 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222017-AZO-2021-Michael-Conrads-Opening-Slide-on-Screen-1024x505.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"505\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222017-AZO-2021-Michael-Conrads-Opening-Slide-on-Screen-1024x505.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222017-AZO-2021-Michael-Conrads-Opening-Slide-on-Screen-300x148.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222017-AZO-2021-Michael-Conrads-Opening-Slide-on-Screen-150x74.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222017-AZO-2021-Michael-Conrads-Opening-Slide-on-Screen-768x378.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222017-AZO-2021-Michael-Conrads-Opening-Slide-on-Screen-1536x757.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222017-AZO-2021-Michael-Conrads-Opening-Slide-on-Screen-2048x1009.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15854\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Conrad&#8217;s First Slide Onscreen for the 2021 Congress.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Carole A. Myscofsk<\/strong>i (Religion Department, Illinois Wesleyan University)<br \/>\n\u201cDivining the Future in Sixteenth-Century Brazil: Texts and Pretexts\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/abstracts\/myscofski-2020-congress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abstract of Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-15870\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233018-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Speaks-cropped-more-300x166.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233018-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Speaks-cropped-more-300x166.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233018-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Speaks-cropped-more-1024x568.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233018-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Speaks-cropped-more-150x83.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233018-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Speaks-cropped-more-768x426.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233018-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Speaks-cropped-more-1536x852.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233018-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Speaks-cropped-more-2048x1136.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_15871\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15871\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15871\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222441-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Title-Slide-cropped-300x179.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"179\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222441-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Title-Slide-cropped-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222441-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Title-Slide-cropped-1024x612.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222441-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Title-Slide-cropped-150x90.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222441-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Title-Slide-cropped-768x459.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222441-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Title-Slide-cropped-1536x918.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222441-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Title-Slide-cropped-2048x1224.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15871\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carole Myscofski presents her opening Slide for the 2021 Congress.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_15872\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15872\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15872\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222455-AZO-2021-Myscofski-Slide-Tribunals-cropped-300x180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222455-AZO-2021-Myscofski-Slide-Tribunals-cropped-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222455-AZO-2021-Myscofski-Slide-Tribunals-cropped-1024x616.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222455-AZO-2021-Myscofski-Slide-Tribunals-cropped-150x90.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222455-AZO-2021-Myscofski-Slide-Tribunals-cropped-768x462.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222455-AZO-2021-Myscofski-Slide-Tribunals-cropped-1536x924.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222455-AZO-2021-Myscofski-Slide-Tribunals-cropped-2048x1231.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15872\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carole Myscofski considers Lisbon Tribunals in her Paper for the 2021 Congress.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_15873\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15873\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15873\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222704-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Slide-with-Bibl-cropped-300x185.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222704-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Slide-with-Bibl-cropped-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222704-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Slide-with-Bibl-cropped-1024x633.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222704-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Slide-with-Bibl-cropped-150x93.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222704-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Slide-with-Bibl-cropped-768x475.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222704-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Slide-with-Bibl-cropped-1536x950.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222704-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Slide-with-Bibl-cropped-2048x1266.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_222704-AZO-2021-Carole-Myscofski-Slide-with-Bibl-cropped-80x50.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15873\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carole Myscofski closes her Paper for the 2021 Congress with Thanks and Bibliography.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>*****<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11922\" style=\"width: 910px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11922\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11922 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller.jpg\" alt=\"Ad\u00e8le Kindt (1804\u20131884), The Fortune Teller (circa 1835). Antwerp, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten. Image via Wikimedia Commons. A young lady, brightly lit and beautifully dressed, looks outward as an older woman, beneath a dark hood, holds a set of cards and stares at them with intent.\" width=\"900\" height=\"709\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller.jpg 900w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller-150x118.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller-300x236.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kindt_Fortune_teller-768x605.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-11922\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ad\u00e8le Kindt (1804\u20131884), The Fortune Teller (circa 1835). Antwerp, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten. Image via Wikimedia Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><em>Note on the image shown above<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Ad\u00e8le Kindt (1804\u20131884), <em>The Fortune Teller<\/em> (circa 1835). Antwerp, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten. A young lady, brightly lit and beautifully dressed, looks outward as an older woman, beneath a dark hood, holds a set of cards and looks at them with intent. The forward-facing cat, seated in the woman&#8217;s lap, gazes at beholders with raised ears and an inscrutable expression.<\/p>\n<h3>Afterword, Hindsight, and Foresight<\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_15859\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15859\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15859 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-300x148.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-300x148.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-1024x505.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-150x74.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-768x379.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-1536x758.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/20210529_233250-AZO-2021-Michael-at-PB-Hs-Session-cropped-2048x1011.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15859\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Conrad contemplates our Divination Session at the 2021 Congress.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>With the cancellation, postponement, rescheduling, and restructuring of our Sessions from the 2020 Congress to 2021, it has not been lost on us that some of our proposed Sesions considered the issues of, and various approaches across time to, the skills of Divination as they might endeavor to Reveal the Unknown.\u00a0 Who could have foretold the journey undertaken by those Sessions, as well as the others?\u00a0 Not least that the Congress would have to take place online, and how that process would unfold when the time came?<\/p>\n<p>We thank our organizers, presenters, sponsors, and Congress host for their perseverance, and our audiences for their participation and feedback.<\/p>\n<p>*****<\/p>\n<h2>2022 Congress<\/h2>\n<p>Following the 2021 Congress, we begin to prepare for the 2022 Congress.\u00a0 It is scheduled to take place online from 9 to 14 May 2022.<\/p>\n<p>By the deadline of 1 June 2021, we submitted proposals for Sessions, intended variously to be sponsored by the RGME (2 Sessions), co-sponsored with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.societasmagica.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Societas Magica<\/a> (1 Session), and, in a new collaboration, co-sponsored with the <strong>Ibero-Medieval Association of North America<\/strong> (2 Sessions).\u00a0 We await news from the ICMS Committee about those proposals.\u00a0 Watch this space!<\/p>\n<p>[<em>Update on 20 July 2021<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p>With responses to our proposals from the ICMS Committee, we announce the Call for Papers for the four accepted Sessions.\u00a0 See our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2022-congress-preparations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2022 Congress Preparations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The deadline for your proposals of Papers is 15 September 2021.]<\/p>\n<p>*****<\/p>\n<p>For updates, please visit this site, our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/news\/news-views\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News &amp; Views<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Research-Group-on-Manuscript-Evidence-259443617456668\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">our Facebook Page<\/a> .<\/p>\n<p>Also, follow our blogs:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/category\/international-congress-on-medieval-studies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">International Congress on Medieval Studies<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/category\/manuscript-studies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Manuscript Studies<\/a>. See its <a href=\"http:\/\/www.manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/manuscript-studies-contents-list\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contents List<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Please <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/contact-us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contact Us<\/a> with your questions and suggestions.<\/p>\n<p>For our nonprofit educational mission, with tax-exempt status, donations in funds and in kind (expertise, materials, time) are <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/contributions-and-donations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">welcome<\/a>. Join us!<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6730 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Bk-of-Hours-verso-bottom-foliage.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"518\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Bk-of-Hours-verso-bottom-foliage.png 518w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Bk-of-Hours-verso-bottom-foliage-150x47.png 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Bk-of-Hours-verso-bottom-foliage-300x94.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 518px) 100vw, 518px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>*****<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Report Activities of the Research Group on Manuscript Evidence at the 56th International Congress on Medieval Studies (10\u201315 May 2021) #kzoo2021 \/ #kazoo2021 We report the accomplishment of our activities at the 2021 ICMS, held entirely online. Individually and collectively, we have attended the Congress for many years.\u00a0 Our ICMS blog records activities sponsored and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":15763,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[423,50,130,3,664],"tags":[640,1637,1927,1921,1630,71,7,1900,1902,1903,1632,17,1901,1649,1692,1636,815],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15757"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15757"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15757\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16356,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15757\/revisions\/16356"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15757"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15757"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15757"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}