{"id":15644,"date":"2021-04-25T03:30:21","date_gmt":"2021-04-25T03:30:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/?p=15644"},"modified":"2022-01-11T06:27:54","modified_gmt":"2022-01-11T06:27:54","slug":"another-leaf-from-the-warburg-missal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/another-leaf-from-the-warburg-missal\/","title":{"rendered":"Another Leaf from the Warburg Missal (&#8216;Ege Manuscript 22&#8217;)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"attachment_15142\" style=\"width: 235px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15142\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15142 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, within its frame.\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1-113x150.jpg 113w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15142\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, within its frame.<\/p><\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">The Wagner Leaf<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">from Ege Manuscript 22<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">&#8220;The Warburg Missal&#8221;<\/h1>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Folio CLVI in the Temporale\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">with Part of the Mass for Corpus Christi<\/h3>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Latin Missal made in Germany circa 1325\nWritten in Gothic Script (<em>Textualis<\/em>)<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Double columns of 31 lines<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Circa 360 \u00d7 257 mm &lt; written area circa 289 \u00d7 190 mm &gt;<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">with Rubrications, Inset Initials in Red or Blue,\nand Musical Notation in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oxfordmusiconline.com\/grovemusic\/view\/10.1093\/gmo\/9781561592630.001.0001\/omo-9781561592630-e-0000013500\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Hufnagelschrift<\/em><\/a> (&#8220;Horseshoe-Nail Notes&#8221;)\non 4-Line Staves<\/h4>\nWith thanks to the collector, J. S. Wagner, we examine a newly identified leaf from one of the manuscripts dispersed by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Otto_Ege\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Otto F. Ege<\/a> (1888\u20131951).  It comes from &#8216;Ege Manuscript 22&#8217;, a Latin <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/missal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Missal<\/a> written in double columns of 30\u201332 lines in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gothic_script\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gothic Script<\/a>, with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Musical_notation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">musical notation<\/a>.\n\n<p>This blogpost by Mildred Budny and the companion <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Report Booklet<\/a> (2021) by Leslie J. French examine the Leaf, set it in context of its former manuscripts, and re-assess the attribution of the book.<\/p>\n\n<p>The &#8216;Ege&#8217; Number comes from the position of this manuscript (and its portions) in Ege&#8217;s distribution within one of his Portfolios of specimen leaves forcibly extracted from manuscripts and printed books.  The Portfolio in question exhibits <em>Fifty Original Leaves<\/em> (FOL) <em>from Medieval Manuscripts, Western Europe, XII\u2013XVI Century<\/em>.  In this case, <a href=\"http:\/\/ege.denison.edu\/leaf_22.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leaf Number 22<\/a>.  The numbering system is defined and enshrined in Scott Gwara\u2019s &#8220;Handlist&#8221; of <a href=\"http:\/\/mssprovenance.blogspot.com\/2014\/03\/otto-eges-manuscripts-two-recent.html\">Otto Ege&#8217;s Manuscripts<\/a> (2016).<\/p>\n\n<p>In the FOL Portfolio, specimens from the manuscript travelled, in their individual windowed mats, in the company of other Ege manuscript leaves.  The Wagner Leaf, however, travelled on its own, through a different highway of circulation.  It arrived in a glass-fronted ornamental frame.  Behind that frame, Ege&#8217;s handwritten note on the recto, and the accompanying printed slip (see below), directly establish the Ege connection.  All the features of text, script, musical notation, and folio numeration manifest a place within Ege&#8217;s Manuscript 22, as the collector readily discerned.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14669\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14669\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14669 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22, verso, bottom right: Ege's inscription in pencil.\" width=\"640\" height=\"461\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription.jpg 640w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription-150x108.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription-300x216.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription-222x160.jpg 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14669\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22, verso, bottom right: Ege&#8217;s inscription in pencil.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2><!--more-->Ege Manuscript Leaves and the Wagner Collection<\/h2>\n<p>Some of our earlier blogposts have considered other manuscripts collected and dispersed by Otto F. Ege in his several Portfolios and in other ways.  See our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/manuscript-studies-contents-list\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contents List<\/a>.  This is the first time that we consider <a href=\"http:\/\/ege.denison.edu\/leaf_22.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ege Manuscript 22<\/a> in detail.<\/p>\n\n<p>We introduce a single leaf which has entered the J. S. Wagner Collection.<\/p>\n\n<p>Some materials in the same Collection, in manuscript and early printed form, have already appeared among our blogposts.  They include a leaf from another Ege Manuscript, &#8220;Ege Manuscript 19&#8221;, a 13th-century Vulgate Bible from Italy.  Its features include lively animated initials, as here, in the polychrome initial <em>U<\/em> (for <em>Ut<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"attachment_12272\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12272\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-12272 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Wagner-Image-2-Opening-of-Macabees-1024x884.jpg\" alt=\"Opening of the Book of Maccabees in Otto Ege MS 19. Private Collection.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"884\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Wagner-Image-2-Opening-of-Macabees-1024x884.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Wagner-Image-2-Opening-of-Macabees-150x129.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Wagner-Image-2-Opening-of-Macabees-300x259.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Wagner-Image-2-Opening-of-Macabees-768x663.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Wagner-Image-2-Opening-of-Macabees.jpg 1272w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-12272\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Opening of the Book of Maccabees in Otto Ege MS 19. Private Collection.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>The Wagner Collection and Ege Manuscript Leaves<\/h3>\n<p>1) Posts in our blog about other materials in the Wagner Collection have considered:\n\n<div id=\"attachment_12361\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12361\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-12361 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Wagner-Image-7-rotated-cropped-Initial-C-300x254.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection. Leaf from from Prime in a Latin manuscript Breviary. Leaf &quot;4&quot; Recto, detail. The opening of Psalm 117 (118) in the Vulgate Version. with a framed initial C for Confitimini, decorated wih scrolling foliate ornament.\" width=\"300\" height=\"254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Wagner-Image-7-rotated-cropped-Initial-C-300x254.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Wagner-Image-7-rotated-cropped-Initial-C-150x127.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Wagner-Image-7-rotated-cropped-Initial-C-768x650.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Wagner-Image-7-rotated-cropped-Initial-C-1024x867.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Wagner-Image-7-rotated-cropped-Initial-C.jpg 1284w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-12361\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection. Leaf from from Prime in a Latin manuscript Breviary. Leaf &#8220;4&#8221; Recto, detail.<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/carmelite-missal-leaf-of-1509\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carmelite Missal Leaf of 1509<\/a><\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/the-penitent-king-david-from-a-book-of-hours\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Penitent King David from a Book of Hours<\/a><\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/a-leaf-from-prime-in-a-large-format-latin-breviary\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Leaf from Prime in a Large-Format Breviary<\/a> .<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/p>\n>p>2) Examples of our posts about Ege Manuscripts, including the leaf from Ege MS 19 in the Wagner Collection:\n<ul>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/a-new-leaf-from-otto-ege-manuscript-14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A New Leaf from \u2018Otto Ege Manuscript 14\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n  <li><a class=\"broken_link\" href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/more-discoveries-for-otto-ege-manuscript-14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">More Discoveries for \u2018Otto Ege Manuscript 14\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/a-leaf-from-otto-ege-manuscript-19-and-eges-workshop-practices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Leaf from \u2018Otto Ege Manuscript 19\u2019 and Ege\u2019s Workshop Practices<\/a><\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/updates-for-otto-ege-manuscript-19\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Updates for \u2018Otto Ege Manuscript 19\u2019<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/updates-for-some-otto-ege-manuscripts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Updates for Some \u2018Otto Ege Manuscripts\u2019<\/a> (Ege MSS 8, 14, 41, and 61)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/some-leaves-in-set-1-of-eges-fol-portfolio\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Some Leaves in Set 1 of &#8216;Ege&#8217;s FOL Portfolio&#8217;<\/a> (Ege MSS 8, 14, 19, and 41)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/more-leaves-from-otto-ege-manuscript-51\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">More Leaves from &#8216;Otto Ege Manuscript 51&#8217;<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nSee also the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/manuscript-studies-contents-list\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contents List<\/a> for our Blog, with posts for various other Ege Manuscripts.<\/p>\n\n<p>Now we describe the &#8220;New Leaf&#8221; from Ege Manuscript 22, and introduce the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Booklet<\/a> by Leslie J. French on\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">A Leaf from &#8220;Ege Manuscript 22&#8221; containing part of\nThe Mass for Corpus Christi and its relation to Other Leaves.<\/p>\nLaid out in accordance with our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/style-manifesto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Style Manifesto<\/a> and set in our copyright multi-lingual font <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/bembino\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bembino<\/a>, the booklet is freely downloadable <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.\n<h2>The &#8220;Find-Place&#8221;<\/h2>\nSending us a set of images for the new Wagner Leaf from Ege MS 22 in December 2020, J. S. Wagner reported:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">I acquired it from a recent <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invaluable.com\/auction-house\/paul-arsenault-auctioneers-cishydac01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paul Arsenault auction<\/a>. He is located in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Paris,_Maine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">South Paris, Maine<\/a>. A person there told me that the leaf was consigned by a Mrs. McDermott of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manchester,_New_Hampshire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Manchester, NH<\/a>. There were no other manuscripts in the material she brought for auction.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15142\" style=\"width: 235px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15142\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15142 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, within its frame.\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1-113x150.jpg 113w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15142\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, within its frame.<\/p><\/div>\n\nFurther details brought to life the attraction of the quest and the processes of exploration.\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The brief description on the label on the back of the frame was a dead giveaway and it was the work of 5 mins to match up the description with Ege 22. There are quite a few other leaves from that manuscript already online so comparisons were easy.<\/p>\nAn attachment which J. S Wagner sent with the photographs conveniently assembled a group of materials from online resources.  They include Ege&#8217;s Label for his Leaf 22, images from other Leaves now in several institutional collections, and a link to the Sotheby&#8217;s e-catalogue for part of the manuscript:  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2011\/western-manuscripts-and-miniatures\/lot.87.html\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2011\/western-manuscripts-and-miniatures\/lot.87.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1619108599090000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHQdXOnJYUGXrpzBOKWL1KEwHOvQg\">illuminated manuscripts ||| sotheby&#8217;s l11240lot63xrsen<\/a> [or <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2011\/western-manuscripts-and-miniatures\/lot.87.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2011 lot 87<\/a>].\n\nThe process of discovery drew upon detective skills:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">When I bought the Ege 22 manuscript there was no information included \u2013 no mention of Ege, Sothebys, or anything similar.  What attracted my interest was the label on the back, which looked very familiar, and the faint writing at the bottom.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">When it arrived I quickly took it out of the frame and was a bit disappointed to find that there was no mat or any other indications of provenance.  The framing was done many years ago, perhaps in the 1950\u2019s.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The folio number confuses me, but I may be reading it incorrectly.  All the other leaves I have seen have smaller numbers.<\/p>\nWith the images and these materials, gathered by an adept and dedicated collector, we set to work.\n\nHere, with thanks to J. S. Wagner, we unveil some results, for comment, suggestions, and further exploration.\n<h2><strong>Otto Ege Manuscript 22:  Folio CLVI in the Temporale\n<\/strong><\/h2>\nPurchased at auction, the Wagner Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22 arrived within a gilt frame and windowed mat.  The front of the red mat is decorated in gold with an overall foliate, asymmetrical, geometric pattern.  Shown somewhat cropped within the window, the leaf presents its double columns of text and some elements around them.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15142\" style=\"width: 490px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15142\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15142 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, within its frame.\" width=\"480\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1-113x150.jpg 113w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-Frame-1-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15142\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, within its frame.<\/p><\/div>\n\nA detail of the frame:\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15155\" style=\"width: 490px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15155\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15155 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Wagner-Ege-Frame-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Wagner-Ege-Frame-2.jpg 480w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Wagner-Ege-Frame-2-113x150.jpg 113w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Wagner-Ege-Frame-2-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15155\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, within its frame: Top right.<\/p><\/div>\n\nRemoved from the frame, the recto of the leaf shows its full extent at present, with its roman folio-numeral <em>clvi<\/em> at top center and the full margins insofar as they survive.  The inner margin stands at the left, with impressions of the former threads used for stitching the leaf and companion leaves into the binding.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14671\" style=\"width: 505px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14671\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14671\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7935-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-full.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22, recto. Reproduced by permission.\" width=\"495\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7935-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-full.jpg 464w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7935-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-full-109x150.jpg 109w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7935-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-full-218x300.jpg 218w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14671\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22, recto. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThis side is the original recto of the leaf.  It appears to have been part of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bl.uk\/catalogues\/illuminatedmanuscripts\/GlossB.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">bifolium<\/a>, or single sheet of vellum, in which it would have been the second in a pair of conjoint leaves.\n\nThe position as the second in a bifolium, and moreover as the innermost bifolium within a nested group of leaves, or quire, seems clear from the depth of the thread-impressions within the former gutter, at the severed left-hand edge.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14654\" style=\"width: 484px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14654\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14654 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7941-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-top-left.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, upper right.\" width=\"474\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7941-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-top-left.jpg 474w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7941-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-top-left-111x150.jpg 111w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7941-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-top-left-222x300.jpg 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14654\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, upper right.<\/p><\/div>\n\nTurning over the leaf reveals the verso.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14646\" style=\"width: 505px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14646\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14646\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-full.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22, verso. Reproduced by permission.\" width=\"495\" height=\"696\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-full.jpg 455w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-full-107x150.jpg 107w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-full-213x300.jpg 213w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14646\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22, verso. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe creases and stains across the leaf speak of a strained life in its transmission across time and under imperfect conditions of storage.\n\nThe gashes, repaired by stitching, affect portions of the text and margins.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15567\" style=\"width: 586px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15567\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15567 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Warburg-recto-bot-left-stitching.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Warburg-recto-bot-left-stitching.jpg 576w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Warburg-recto-bot-left-stitching-300x138.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Warburg-recto-bot-left-stitching-150x69.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15567\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege MS 22, recto, bottom left. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe script obligingly reworks its passage to avoid the stitched repair as it adopts its own course.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15568\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15568\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15568\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7944-Wagner-Warburg-rectp-bot-rt-stitching-300x205.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7944-Wagner-Warburg-rectp-bot-rt-stitching-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7944-Wagner-Warburg-rectp-bot-rt-stitching-150x102.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7944-Wagner-Warburg-rectp-bot-rt-stitching.jpg 377w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15568\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege MS 22, recto, bottom right. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe gashes pertain to the state of the animal skin in the processes of its preparation as a leaf for manuscript production.  The stitching probably also belonged to that process, so as to keep the cuts from expanding as the skin was stretched upon a frame to dry.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14669\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14669\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14669 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22, verso, bottom right: Ege's inscription in pencil.\" width=\"640\" height=\"461\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription.jpg 640w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription-150x108.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription-300x216.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7947-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-right-inscription-222x160.jpg 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14669\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22, verso, bottom right: Ege&#8217;s inscription in pencil.<\/p><\/div>\n\nEge&#8217;s note in pencil at the bottom of the verso adds to the layers of accretion in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stratigraphy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stratigraphy<\/a> of the artefact.  Spaced across the lower margin below the 2 columns of text, his partly abbreviated note in English states:\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1315 AD Germany.\nGothic w[ith] horse shoe\nnail notation<\/p>\n\n<h3>The Contents<\/h3>\nThe leaf presents part of the liturgical <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mass_(liturgy)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mass<\/a> for the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Feast_of_Corpus_Christi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Feast of Corpus Christi<\/a> in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Temporale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Temporale<\/a>.  The event is celebrated on the Thursday after <a title=\"Trinity Sunday\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trinity_Sunday\">Trinity Sunday<\/a>.\n\nAll the text on the leaf is transcribed and analyzed in our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Report Booklet<\/a>.\n\nThe text begins mid-word with &#8220;([<em>nup<\/em>-]<em>tias.  Illo<\/em>&#8221; at the top of the recto, within the reading for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Luke%2020&amp;version=DRA;VULGATE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Luke 20:27\u201340<\/a> in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vulgate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vulgate Version<\/a>.  With music at several points, the text ends at the bottom of the verso, again mid-word, with &#8220;<em>quincunque mandu<\/em>[-<em>caverit<\/em>]&#8221; within the reading for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=1%20Corinthians+11&amp;version=NIVUK;KJV;ASV;WLC;VULGATE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1 Corinthians 11:26\u201327<\/a>.\n\nAdded text in the lower margins on both recto and verso supply further readings to be included in the liturgical performance at these points.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14663\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14663\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14663 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-bottom-left.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, bottom left.\" width=\"640\" height=\"463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-bottom-left.jpg 640w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-bottom-left-150x109.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-bottom-left-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-bottom-left-222x160.jpg 222w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14663\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, bottom left.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThose readings are to be found within the same manuscript, as indicated in the added cross-references to other leaves, cited by their own folio numbers.\n\nFor example, the cross-references cite\n<ul>\n  <li>folio <em>cxlviii<\/em> (added in the interline above col.a line 21 on the recto)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_15624\" style=\"width: 490px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15624\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15624 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7942-Wagner-Warburg-Recto-col-a-cross-ref-cxlvii.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7942-Wagner-Warburg-Recto-col-a-cross-ref-cxlvii.jpg 480w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7942-Wagner-Warburg-Recto-col-a-cross-ref-cxlvii-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7942-Wagner-Warburg-Recto-col-a-cross-ref-cxlvii-150x71.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15624\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto: Column a, detail. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n  <li>and folio <em>lv<\/em> (added in the interline above col.a line 2 on the verso).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_15628\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15628\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15628 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-1024x449.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-1024x449.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-300x132.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-150x66.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-768x337.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-1536x674.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15628\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, verso: Top. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nAt the left opposite the last line of text, that same folio number <em>lv<\/em> commences the added readings in the lower margin.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15629\" style=\"width: 949px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15629\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15629 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image001-Wagner-Warburg-verso-bot-left-cross-ref-lv-close.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, verso: Bottom Left. Reproduced by permission.\" width=\"939\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image001-Wagner-Warburg-verso-bot-left-cross-ref-lv-close.jpg 939w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image001-Wagner-Warburg-verso-bot-left-cross-ref-lv-close-300x125.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image001-Wagner-Warburg-verso-bot-left-cross-ref-lv-close-150x62.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image001-Wagner-Warburg-verso-bot-left-cross-ref-lv-close-768x319.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 939px) 100vw, 939px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15629\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, verso: Bottom Left. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe entry below the column expands the text of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gradual\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Graduale<\/a> within the column, and adds 2 Versus.  The faint appearance of the script partly derives from a scratchy, unsharpened nib, which did not allow the ink to flow across the full width of the stroke.\n\nOn the recto, the entries extend in the lower margin beneath both columns.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15558\" style=\"width: 464px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15558\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15558\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"454\" height=\"174\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom.jpg 454w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-300x115.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-150x57.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 454px) 100vw, 454px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15558\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege MS 22, recto, bottom. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nUp close:\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14662\" style=\"width: 513px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14662\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14662 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-bottom-left-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, bottom left.\" width=\"503\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-bottom-left-cropped.jpg 503w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-bottom-left-cropped-150x72.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7945-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-bottom-left-cropped-300x143.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14662\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, bottom left.<\/p><\/div>\n\nFor this entry, the cross-reference to the relevant folio number within the manuscript (<em>cxlviii<\/em>)  is entered in the interline above line 21, at the place where the added text is to be incorporated within the flow or course of the main text.  In such ways, the cited (and sometimes repeated) folio numbers serve as <a href=\"https:\/\/globalcurrents.stanford.edu\/visual-element\/signes-de-renvoi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">signes-de-renvoi<\/a>.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14655\" style=\"width: 490px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14655\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14655 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7942-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-lower-left.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, lower left.\" width=\"480\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7942-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-lower-left.jpg 480w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7942-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-lower-left-113x150.jpg 113w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7942-Wagner-Ege-22-recto-lower-left-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14655\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, recto, lower left.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe textual contents of the leaf and their place within the manuscript as a whole are explored in the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Booklet<\/a> by Leslie French.\n<h3>The Accompanying Slip as Label<\/h3>\nA printed slip accompanied the leaf in its frame.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14647\" style=\"width: 660px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14647\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14647\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7948-1-Wagner-Ege-22-printed-slip-upright-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"J. S. Wagner Collection, Printed Slip accompanying Leaf CLVI from Ege Manuscript 22. Reproduced by permission.\" width=\"650\" height=\"152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7948-1-Wagner-Ege-22-printed-slip-upright-cropped.jpg 620w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7948-1-Wagner-Ege-22-printed-slip-upright-cropped-150x35.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7948-1-Wagner-Ege-22-printed-slip-upright-cropped-300x70.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14647\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Printed Slip accompanying Leaf CLVI from Ege Manuscript 22. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe uneven contours of the roughly rectangular slip proclaim its roughshod removal from a larger printed text, evidently containing a series of such listings.\n\nSimilar listings (although with item numbers) can be seen in the printed pages of the 1944 Catalogue of <em>101 Original Leaves &amp; Sets of Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts, Incunabula, Famous Bibles and Noted Presses, 1150 A. D. \u2013 1935 A. D.<\/em> offered for sale from Otto Ege&#8217;s Collection for the Lima (Ohio) Public Library Staff Loan Fund.  From this catalogue, 15 pages are reproduced in Gwara&#8217;s book on of <a href=\"http:\/\/mssprovenance.blogspot.com\/2014\/03\/otto-eges-manuscripts-two-recent.html\">Otto Ege&#8217;s Manuscripts<\/a> (2016), figures 41\u201348 (pages 253\u2013260). They do not include the page with the entry offering leaves from this manuscript, apparently number L.37.  (As cited by the Sotheby&#8217;s sale catalogue for part of the manuscript on 11 December 1984 as lot 52.  See below.)\n\nSome dispersed single leaves from Ege manuscripts travelled with comparable labels, sometimes reduced to clippings.  (See <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/more-discoveries-for-otto-ege-manuscript-61\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">More Discoveries for Otto Ege Manuscript 61<\/a>.)\n\n<div id=\"attachment_9402\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9402\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-9402 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Graduate-Theological-Union-Ege-Leaf-61-Sales-Cat-Entry-1300-back-at-180-dpi-1024x215.jpg\" alt=\"Part of Ege-Style Mat and Label for Item 26 ('1310 A.D. France') accompanying the Leaf at the Courtesy of Flora Lamson Hewlett Library, Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley, CA. Reproduced by permission.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Graduate-Theological-Union-Ege-Leaf-61-Sales-Cat-Entry-1300-back-at-180-dpi-1024x215.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Graduate-Theological-Union-Ege-Leaf-61-Sales-Cat-Entry-1300-back-at-180-dpi-150x32.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Graduate-Theological-Union-Ege-Leaf-61-Sales-Cat-Entry-1300-back-at-180-dpi-300x63.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Graduate-Theological-Union-Ege-Leaf-61-Sales-Cat-Entry-1300-back-at-180-dpi.jpg 1079w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-9402\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clippings from Ege Mat and Label for an Item 26, accompanying a Leaf from Ege Manuscript 61. Courtesy of Flora Lamson Hewlett Library, Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley, CA. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe companion Label for the Wagner Leaf introduces it, and sums it up, thus:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">1315 A. D. Germany (W\u00fcrzberg [<em>sic,<\/em> presumably for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/W%C3%BCrzburg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">W\u00fcrzburg<\/a>]).  Missal leaf, vellum (14 \u00d7 10 inches), two columns of well written bold gothic text with early music notations.  Four line stave.  Some pages have C line yellow (made with saffron almost faded out).  F line red.  On other pages all four staff lines are in black.  <strong>The most important fact about these leaves<\/strong> [<em>my<\/em> <em>emphasis added<\/em>] is that the notes are of the rarely found transitional type between the early <em>neumes<\/em> [on which see <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neume\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Neume<\/a>] and the later &#8220;gothic&#8221; horse-shoe nail notation.<\/p>\nAs usual (see our our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/manuscript-studies-contents-list\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blogposts<\/a>), Ege&#8217;s claims for his manuscripts call for inspection, and sometimes for revision.  Revision is called for here.\n\nThis is a case where Ege reproduced his source of information, misread it, or both.\n\nThe question is:  <em>W\u00fcrzberg<\/em>, <em>W\u00fcrzburg<\/em>, or somewhere else?  Read on, Dear Reader.\n<h2>W\u00fcrzburg<\/h2>\nThe city of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/W%C3%BCrzburg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">W\u00fcrzburg<\/a> is situated on the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_(river)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">River Main<\/a> in the traditional region of <a title=\"Franconia\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franconia\">Franconia<\/a> in the north of the <a title=\"Germany\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Germany\">German<\/a> State of <a title=\"Bavaria\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bavaria\">Bavaria<\/a>.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14676\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14676\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14676 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1280px-Marienberg_wuerzburg-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"Marienberg Fortress and Old Bridge at W\u00fcrzburg. Photograph By Christian Horvat. Own work, Public Domain, via https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=167812\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1280px-Marienberg_wuerzburg-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1280px-Marienberg_wuerzburg-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1280px-Marienberg_wuerzburg-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1280px-Marienberg_wuerzburg-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1280px-Marienberg_wuerzburg.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14676\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marienberg Fortress and Old Bridge at W\u00fcrzburg. Photograph By Christian Horvat. Own work, Public Domain, via https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=167812.<\/p><\/div>\n\nSeveral resources breathe life into the situation of the place and the life of its religious foundations in the Middle Ages.\n<ul>\n  <li>A map of <a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.stanford.edu\/ruderman\/catalog\/vv845ps6934\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Herbipolis<\/a> shows the layout of the location.<\/li>\n  <li>A detailed list of its various religious foundations indicates their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newadvent.org\/cathen\/15718a.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">locations<\/a>.<\/li>\n  <li>A study surveys these foundations over time:  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wydawnictwoumk.pl\/czasopisma\/index.php\/AZMDDP\/article\/download\/20155\/17363\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.wydawnictwoumk.pl\/czasopisma\/index.php\/AZMDDP\/article\/download\/20155\/17363&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1609377240484000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEYrUPkImqEhxVJ946RoIwb0vUVHA\">20155-49081-1-PB.pdf<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nAbout the place name, the <a title=\"Ravenna Cosmography\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ravenna_Cosmography\">Ravenna Cosmography<\/a> lists the city as <i>Uburzi \u2014<\/i> a name presumably of <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Celtic toponyms\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Celtic_toponyms\">Celtic<\/a> origin, but based on a <a title=\"Folk etymology\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Folk_etymology\">folk etymological<\/a> connection to the German word <i><a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wikt:W\u00fcrze\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/W%C3%BCrze\">W\u00fcrze<\/a><\/i> &#8220;herb, spice&#8221;.  Accordingly (supposedly), the name was <a title=\"Medieval Latin\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medieval_Latin\">Latinized<\/a> as <i>Herbipolis<\/i> in the medieval period.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14682\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14682\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14682 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/W\u00fcrzburg_Siegel-1024x986.jpg\" alt=\"By Wolfgang Sauber - Own work, Public Domain, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=3268470.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"986\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/W\u00fcrzburg_Siegel-1024x986.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/W\u00fcrzburg_Siegel-150x144.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/W\u00fcrzburg_Siegel-300x289.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/W\u00fcrzburg_Siegel-768x739.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14682\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wax Seal Impression of the Seal of Wurzburg. Photograph by Wolfgang Sauber. Own work, Public Domain, via https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=3268470<\/p><\/div>\n\nFrom Ege&#8217;s label, Ege&#8217;s manuscript \u2014 and some of its dismembered portions \u2014 has come to be called the <em>Missale Herbipolensis<\/em>, <em>Missal Herbipolense<\/em>, or &#8220;W\u00fcrzburg Missal&#8221;.\n\nSuch is the title applied to many of its leaves in their current homes, as distributed by Ege.  For example:\n<ul>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/credo.library.umass.edu\/view\/full\/mums570-i022\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Folio XXVI<\/a> in Set 6 of FOL at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst (<em>Missale Herbipolensis<\/em>)<\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.library.stonybrook.edu\/oem\/items\/show\/504#?c=0&amp;m=0&amp;s=0&amp;cv=0&amp;xywh=-997%2C-236%2C4925%2C4711\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Folio XXXVIII<\/a> in Set 13 of FOL at Stony Brook University Libraries (<em>Missale Herbipolense<\/em>)<\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"http:\/\/libcdm1.uncg.edu\/cdm\/compoundobject\/collection\/MSS\/id\/14704\/rec\/1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">Folio CXXXVIIII<\/a> in Set 38 of FOL at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro (<em>Missale Herbipolense<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nIt is unfortunate that the proliferation of what may have been a mistake, in transcription or proof-reading before printing, accompanies many pieces of the manuscript in their transmission and in their current homes.\n\nThe name requires revision, not only because apparently it mistakes the place itself, but also because it misrepresents the text and its intended liturgical Use by a particular Order or community.  The textual analysis of the Missal in leaves available for our examination shows that an attribution of the Missal to W\u00fcrzburg is untenable.  See our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Booklet<\/a>.\n<h2>A Warburg Missal<\/h2>\nAn inscription preserved in the book, as recorded by several bibliographical reports, indicates that the volume was owned by the end of the 17th century by a Parish Church dedicated to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_the_Baptist\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Saint John the Baptist<\/a>, with connections to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warburg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Warburg<\/a> in Westphalia, and presumably or perhaps located there.  The wording of the inscription deserves examination.  So far, we have not seen the inscription itself, or an image of it, so we examine its citations.\n\nWarburg the place is &#8220;a town in eastern <a title=\"North Rhine-Westphalia\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_Rhine-Westphalia\">North Rhine-Westphalia<\/a> on the river <a title=\"Diemel\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diemel\">Diemel<\/a> near the three-state point shared by <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Hessen\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hessen\">Hessen<\/a>, <a title=\"Lower Saxony\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lower_Saxony\">Lower Saxony<\/a> and North Rhine-Westphalia&#8221;.  Close to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paderborn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paderborn<\/a>, to which diocese it belongs, Warburg lies about 100 miles to the north-east of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cologne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cologne<\/a> or K\u00f6ln.  The distance between Warburg in Westphalia and W\u00fcrzburg in Bavaria is about 122 miles.\n\nAn engraving published in 1647 shows a view of the city about half a century before the date of the inscription.  At about its center looms a multi-tiered tower with a long, tapered, spire.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15176\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15176\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15176 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Merian_Matth\u00e4us_-_Topographia_Westphaliae_-_Warburgum_1647-1024x470.jpg\" alt=\"The City of Warburg, in an engraving by Matth\u00e4us Merian for the Topographia Westphaliae (= Topographia Germaniae, Volume 8) published 1647. Image Public Domain.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Merian_Matth\u00e4us_-_Topographia_Westphaliae_-_Warburgum_1647-1024x470.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Merian_Matth\u00e4us_-_Topographia_Westphaliae_-_Warburgum_1647-150x69.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Merian_Matth\u00e4us_-_Topographia_Westphaliae_-_Warburgum_1647-300x138.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Merian_Matth\u00e4us_-_Topographia_Westphaliae_-_Warburgum_1647-768x353.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15176\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The City of Warburg, in an engraving by Matth\u00e4us Merian for the Topographia Westphaliae (= Topographia Germaniae, Volume 8) published 1647. Image Public Domain.<\/p><\/div>\n\nConstructed between 1228 and 1247, the Church of <a href=\"https:\/\/de.zxc.wiki\/wiki\/St._Johannes_Baptist_(Warburg-Neustadt)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">St. Johannes Baptist, Warburg-Neustadt<\/a>, retains some of its early features.  The Church nowadays:\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14683\" style=\"width: 778px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14683\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14683 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Warburg, Neustadtkirche \/ St. Johannes Baptist in Warburg. Photograph on 26 May 2017 by Kno-Biesdorf - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, via https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=63450859.\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche-112x150.jpg 112w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14683\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Warburg, Neustadt-Kirche \/ St. Johannes Baptist in Warburg. Photograph on 26 May 2017 by Kno-Biesdorf &#8211; Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, via https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=63450859.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Ege Manuscript 22<\/h2>\nKnown through various reports and dispersed portions, &#8216;Otto Ege Manuscript 22&#8217;, representing the fragments of a Latin manuscript Missal produced in Germany sometime in the first portion of the 14th century, is reported or described in multiple ways.  Those varieties depend upon the different positions which the manuscript occupied relatively\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">1) in the hand-off of its possession from one owner to another, thence to Ege and, in pieces, elsewhere; and<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">2) in its dispersal as separated components of 1 or more leaves, variously within Ege&#8217;s FOL Portfolio or in other forms.<\/p>\nA sample of the manuscript, on a Leaf in the Otto Ege Collection at the Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, appeared in the Booklet for our 2016 Symposium on <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/2016-symposium-on-words-and-deeds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Words &amp; Deeds<\/a><em>, <\/em>available <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/6991\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a> (Figure 13).  Its illuminated initial <em>R<\/em> for <em>Resurrexi<\/em> (&#8220;I have arisen&#8221;) opens the chant in the (or a) reading for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Easter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Easter or Resurrection Sunday<\/a>.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_7276\" style=\"width: 849px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7276\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7276 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/FOL-22a-detail-rotated-cropped-839x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Illustrated initial R for 'Resurrex[i]' on a leaf from 'Otto Ege MS 22' ('The Beauvais Missal'). Otto Ege Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. Photograph courtesy Lisa Fagin Davis. Reproduced by permission.\" width=\"839\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/FOL-22a-detail-rotated-cropped-839x1024.jpg 839w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/FOL-22a-detail-rotated-cropped-123x150.jpg 123w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/FOL-22a-detail-rotated-cropped-246x300.jpg 246w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 839px) 100vw, 839px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-7276\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustrated initial R for &#8216;Resurrex[i]&#8217; on a leaf from &#8216;Otto Ege MS 22&#8217; (&#8216;The Beauvais Missal&#8217;). Otto Ege Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. Photograph courtesy Lisa Fagin Davis. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Ege&#8217;s Mat and Label<\/h2>\nIn its mat, Ege presented the leaf thus for the Portfolio:\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15160\" style=\"width: 882px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15160\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15160 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5797-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-in-mat-with-guide-872x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Otto Ege Collection, FOL Set 3, Leaf 22 in mat. Photography Mildred Budny.\" width=\"872\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5797-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-in-mat-with-guide-872x1024.jpg 872w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5797-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-in-mat-with-guide-128x150.jpg 128w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5797-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-in-mat-with-guide-255x300.jpg 255w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5797-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-in-mat-with-guide-768x902.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 872px) 100vw, 872px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15160\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Otto Ege Collection, FOL Set 3, Leaf 22 in mat. Photography Mildred Budny.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe Printed Label for the Leaf in the FOL Portfolio, phrased to accompany any specimen from the manuscript:\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15151\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15151\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15151 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-Label-a0c4ede955b003da50cf399443e9ff53e7eb323e-1024x609.jpg\" alt=\"Otto F. Ege: Fifty Original Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts, Leaf 22, Printed Label, Special Collections and University Archives, Stony Brook University Libraries.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"609\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-Label-a0c4ede955b003da50cf399443e9ff53e7eb323e-1024x609.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-Label-a0c4ede955b003da50cf399443e9ff53e7eb323e-150x89.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-Label-a0c4ede955b003da50cf399443e9ff53e7eb323e-300x178.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-Label-a0c4ede955b003da50cf399443e9ff53e7eb323e-768x457.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15151\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Otto F. Ege: Fifty Original Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts, Leaf 22, Printed Label, Special Collections and University Archives, Stony Brook University Libraries.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe Label describes the genre of book and makes claims for this instance about its origin.\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">The Missal . . . contains all the directions, in rubrics and texts, necessary for the performance of the mass throughout the year. . . . This particular manuscript was written by Benedictine monks for the Parochial School of St. John the Baptist in W\u00fcrzburg shortly after 1300 A.D. . . .<\/p>\nThe Label takes a leap of faith, from the reported ownership by the ecclesiastical establishment &#8220;in W\u00fcrzburg&#8221;, to an assertion that the manuscript was made for it &#8220;shortly after 1300 A.D.&#8221;  The second paragraph focuses upon the &#8220;rare type&#8221; of transitional musical notation and the method of constructing the &#8220;built-up&#8221; initial letters.  &#8220;First the outlines were made with a quill and then afterward the areas were colored with a brush.&#8221;\n\nThe manuscript page in full, below the framed mat, shows its full contours in the forms that its history has retained.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15162\" style=\"width: 945px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15162\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15162 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5802-1-Beinecke-FOL-22-original-verso-upright-cropped-935x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Otto Ege Collection, FOL Set 3, Leaf 22. original verso revealed under mat. Photography Mildred Budny.\" width=\"935\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5802-1-Beinecke-FOL-22-original-verso-upright-cropped-935x1024.jpg 935w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5802-1-Beinecke-FOL-22-original-verso-upright-cropped-137x150.jpg 137w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5802-1-Beinecke-FOL-22-original-verso-upright-cropped-274x300.jpg 274w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5802-1-Beinecke-FOL-22-original-verso-upright-cropped-768x841.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 935px) 100vw, 935px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15162\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Otto Ege Collection, FOL Set 3, Leaf 22. original verso revealed under mat. Photography Mildred Budny.<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe page is revealed as the original verso.  The inner margin stands at the right, ending in the former stitching line of the gutter.  Its contour includes the notches in the vertical series of 8 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ligatus.org.uk\/lob\/search?search_api_views_fulltext=sewing+station\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sewing stations<\/a> for the binding.\n\nEge&#8217;s annotations in pencil appear at the bottom.  They resemble his notes on the Wagner Leaf.\n\nTurning the page shows the original recto, which Ege&#8217;s presentation had turned to the back.  The 3 mounting tapes are attached, with traces of having been shifted in position and perhaps replaced.  From this page, we know the original folio number, <em>cxxiiii<\/em> (that is, <em>cxxiv<\/em>), which stands at top center.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15164\" style=\"width: 994px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15164\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15164 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5809-2-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-verso-full-cropped-with-guide-984x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Otto Ege Collection, FOL Set 3, Leaf 22. original recto, with Ege's mounting tapes. Photography Mildred Budny.\" width=\"984\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5809-2-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-verso-full-cropped-with-guide-984x1024.jpg 984w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5809-2-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-verso-full-cropped-with-guide-144x150.jpg 144w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5809-2-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-verso-full-cropped-with-guide-288x300.jpg 288w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5809-2-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-verso-full-cropped-with-guide-768x799.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 984px) 100vw, 984px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15164\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Otto Ege Collection, FOL Set 3, Leaf 22. original recto, with Ege&#8217;s mounting tapes. Photography Mildred Budny.<\/p><\/div>\n\nNotes on the leaf by Ege specify its specific reading for &#8220;Easter Morning&#8221; and make sure to mention the &#8220;Horseshoe nail notation&#8221;.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15163\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15163\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15163 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5804-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-recto-bottom-rt-Ege-pencil-1024x725.jpg\" alt=\"Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Otto Ege Collection, FOL Set 3, Leaf 22. original verso, bottom right. Photography Mildred Budny.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5804-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-recto-bottom-rt-Ege-pencil-1024x725.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5804-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-recto-bottom-rt-Ege-pencil-150x106.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5804-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-recto-bottom-rt-Ege-pencil-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_5804-1-Beinecke-Ege-FOL-Leaf-22-recto-bottom-rt-Ege-pencil-768x544.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15163\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Otto Ege Collection, FOL Set 3, Leaf 22. original verso, bottom right. Photography Mildred Budny.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>Other Parts of the Book:  FOL and More<\/h3>\nFirstly, the position as specimen Leaf 22 within Ege&#8217;s Portfolio of <em>Fifty Original Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts, Western Europe:  XII\u2013XVI Century<\/em> (FOL) offers a point of departure for searching for cognate leaves.  The Portfolio has 40 numbered sets and at least 1 unnumbered set.  The present locations of some sets are accounted for.  Some of their contents are displayed online, with digital facsimiles of one or both sides of the given leaf (in varying quality).  Note that not all the sets retain their full set of Specimen leaves.\n\nSome locations for FOL are listed in\n<ul>\n  <li>Scott Gwara, <a href=\"http:\/\/mssprovenance.blogspot.com\/2014\/03\/otto-eges-manuscripts-two-recent.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Otto Ege&#8217;s Manuscripts<\/a>, (2013), Appendix VIII (pages 106\u2013107)\nSee the <a href=\"http:\/\/mssprovenance.blogspot.com\/2014\/03\/otto-eges-manuscripts-two-recent.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Handlist<\/em><\/a>, Number 22 (page 125).<\/li>\n  <li>Denison University, <a href=\"http:\/\/ege.denison.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Otto F. Ege Collection:  The Ege Manuscript Leaf Portfolios<\/a>.\nSee <a href=\"http:\/\/ege.denison.edu\/leaf.22.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">Leaf 22<\/a>.<\/li>\n  <li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.umilta.net\/ege.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Umilta<\/a>, THE OTTO F. EGE PALEOGRAPHY PORTFOLIO\nSee <a href=\"http:\/\/www.umilta.net\/fege22.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[Unidentified Specimen for Ege 22]<\/a> = Probably folio CXXIX verso, as the page has the rubric <em>fia.v.<\/em> (in the middle of column a), for <em>feria V infra octavam pasche<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nMore locations appear as their collections show the materials.\n<h2>Some Specimens<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_15508\" style=\"width: 242px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15508\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15508 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border-232x300.png\" alt=\"Front Cover for Report by Leslie J. French for Wagner Leaf from Ege MS 22 (2021)\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border-232x300.png 232w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border-116x150.png 116w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border.png 618w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 232px) 100vw, 232px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15508\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Front Cover for Report by Leslie J. French for Wagner Leaf from Ege MS 22 (2021)<\/p><\/div>\n\nThe <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Booklet<\/a> by Leslie French considers a selected group of leaves from Ege Manuscript 22 and their texts, in the quest to discover the probable origin and Use of the Missal.\n\nThe following list indicates a few specimens of leaves available for view online or in print.  Their availability may show only one one or both sides of a given leaf.\n\nFor convenience, the list follows numerical order of the medieval folio numbers which head the leaves themselves, but it also takes note of the different numbering for some parts of the book.\n<h3>A Note on the Folio Numerations<\/h3>\nThis Missal has &#8220;medieval foliation in several sequences&#8221;, as noted for the portion of 125 leaves sold as lot 52 (along with the binding) on 11 December 1984.\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_Roman_Calendar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Calendar<\/a> was unfoliated.  The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Temporale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Temporal<\/a> was foliated in black ink in roman numerals in the centre of the upper margins.  The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canon_of_the_Mass\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Canon<\/a> was unfoliated.  The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanctorale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sanctoral<\/a> was foliated from 1 again in roman numerals in the centre of the upper margin and in arabic numbers in red on the right-hand side of rectos; this ceases from 78 in that sequence (f.92 in the manuscript as it survives).<\/p>\nSuch variations are visible as well on leaves outside the span of that catalogue.  See below and Leslie French&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Report Booklet<\/a> (2021).\n<h3>Sampling of Numbered Leaves<\/h3>\nThe original, medieval, numbering on the leaves in the Bergendal Portion of Ege MS 22 is not fully visible at present.  Partial reports or views of that numbering can be examined in entries for the 1984 and 1985 Sotheby&#8217;s catalogues for its 2 sections respectively, the 1999 Bergendal Collection catalogue of their reassembly, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2011\/western-manuscripts-and-miniatures\/lot.87.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2011 Sotheby&#8217;s online catalogue<\/a>.  The selected images for the latter include the openings with two rectos:  <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio <em>cvi<\/em><\/span> (pencil 49) and <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio <em>cxvi<\/em><\/span> (pencil 58).\n\nThe Bergendal catalogue (pages 1\u20134) unfortunately cites the leaves only by their subsequently imposed arabic numbers in pencil within that reassembled Portion of the book (numbers 1\u2013145).  Those leaves are said to be &#8220;foliated in pencil in a late twentieth century American hand&#8221; (page 1).  The images for the 2011 Sotheby&#8217;s e-catalogue show examples.\n\nA sampling of leaves outside the Bergendal Portion is listed below by their original folio number in numerical order, distinguishing between their positions within numberings for the Temporal or Sanctoral.  They might provide an initial framework for virtually grouping other survivals within their former context in the book.\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio III<\/span> in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanctorale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sanctoral<\/a>.  Scott Gwara Private Collection.\nScott Gwara, <a href=\"http:\/\/mssprovenance.blogspot.com\/2014\/03\/otto-eges-manuscripts-two-recent.html\">Otto Ege&#8217;s Manuscripts<\/a> (2016), Frontispiece (recto in color).\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio XIIII<span style=\"color: #000000;\">.  Toledo, Ohio, <\/span><\/span>Toledo Museum of Art (Set 12 of FOL).\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio XIIII<\/span> in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Temporale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Temporal<\/a> and <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Leaf CXXI<\/span> in the Temporal.  Boston, Massachusetts, Endowment for Biblical Research, Endowment Collection, MS. Leaves 77\u201378.\nJudith Oliver, ed., <em>Manuscripts Sacred and Secular from the collections of the Endowment for Biblical Research and Boston University<\/em> (Boston, 1985), no. 68 (page 42).\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio XXXIX<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> in the Sanctoral<\/span><\/span>.  Saskatchewan, University of Saskatchewan, Murray Library (Set 25 of FOL).\nDavid Bindle, et al., <em>50 Medieval Manuscript Leaves:  The Otto Ege Collection, University of Saskatchewan Library<\/em> (Saskatoon, 2011), no. 22 (pp. 102\u2013105).\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio XXXVIII<\/span> in the Temporal. Stony Brook, New York, Stony Brook University, Special Collections and University Archives (Set 13 of FOL), <a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.library.stonybrook.edu\/oem\/items\/show\/504#?c=0&amp;m=0&amp;s=0&amp;cv=0&amp;xywh=-997%2C-236%2C4925%2C4711\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leaf XXXVIII<\/a>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong>Recto<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15149\" style=\"width: 563px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15149\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15149 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-Leaf-22-recto-60f225c2b5369a297106ca2fc58073552a7d79c2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"553\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-Leaf-22-recto-60f225c2b5369a297106ca2fc58073552a7d79c2.jpg 553w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-Leaf-22-recto-60f225c2b5369a297106ca2fc58073552a7d79c2-104x150.jpg 104w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-Leaf-22-recto-60f225c2b5369a297106ca2fc58073552a7d79c2-207x300.jpg 207w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 553px) 100vw, 553px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15149\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Otto F. Ege: Fifty Original Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts, Leaf 22, Recto, Special Collections and University Archives, Stony Brook University Libraries.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong>Verso<\/strong><em>\n<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15150\" style=\"width: 563px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15150\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15150 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-Leaf-22-verso-c534d9714c553ef0b6882cabedeedcb2231310ea.jpg\" alt=\"Otto F. Ege: Fifty Original Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts, Leaf 22, Verso, Special Collections and University Archives, Stony Brook University Libraries.\" width=\"553\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-Leaf-22-verso-c534d9714c553ef0b6882cabedeedcb2231310ea.jpg 553w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-Leaf-22-verso-c534d9714c553ef0b6882cabedeedcb2231310ea-104x150.jpg 104w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Stony-Brook-Ege-Leaf-22-verso-c534d9714c553ef0b6882cabedeedcb2231310ea-207x300.jpg 207w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 553px) 100vw, 553px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15150\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Otto F. Ege: Fifty Original Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts, Leaf 22, Verso, Special Collections and University Archives, Stony Brook University Libraries.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio XXXXIIII<\/span>.  Cleveland, Ohio, Case Western Reserve University, Kelvin Smith Library (Set 37 of FOL), <a href=\"http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2186\/ksl:ege022r\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leaf 22<\/a> (Missal Herbipolense).\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio CXXVII<\/span> in the Temporal.  Newark, New Jersey, Newark Public Library (Set 34 of FOL), Missal (Missal Herbipolensis), <a href=\"https:\/\/digital.npl.org\/islandora\/object\/medieval%3Afc70fc84-7cc5-43eb-be74-adf6465fd5c8#page\/1\/mode\/2up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">Leaf CXXVII<\/a>.\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio CLVIIII<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> in the Temporal<\/span><\/span>.  Athens, Ohio, Ohio University, Vernon R. Alden Library (Set 5 of FOL), <a href=\"https:\/\/media.library.ohio.edu\/digital\/collection\/p15808coll19\/id\/111\/rec\/18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leaf CLVIIII<\/a>.\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio CXXIIII<\/span> in the Temporal.  New Haven, Connecticut, Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, 2016. gene. 14 (Set 3 of FOL), Leaf 22 (see above).\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio CXXX<\/span>.  Minneapolis, Minnesota, University of Minnesota Libraries, Elmer L. Andersen Library (Set 3 of FOL), <a href=\"https:\/\/umedia.lib.umn.edu\/item\/p16022coll210:44\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ege Manuscript 22<\/a>.\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Recto<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15545\" style=\"width: 923px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15545\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15545 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UNM-Ege-22-Verso-original-recto.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"913\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UNM-Ege-22-Verso-original-recto.png 913w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UNM-Ege-22-Verso-original-recto-274x300.png 274w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UNM-Ege-22-Verso-original-recto-137x150.png 137w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UNM-Ege-22-Verso-original-recto-768x841.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 913px) 100vw, 913px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15545\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">University of Minnesota Libraries, Ege Manuscript 22, &#8216;Verso&#8217; (Original Recto). Image Public Domain.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Verso<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15544\" style=\"width: 923px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15544\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15544 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UMN-Ege-22-Recto-original-verso.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"913\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UMN-Ege-22-Recto-original-verso.png 913w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UMN-Ege-22-Recto-original-verso-274x300.png 274w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UMN-Ege-22-Recto-original-verso-137x150.png 137w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/UMN-Ege-22-Recto-original-verso-768x841.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 913px) 100vw, 913px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15544\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">University of Minnesota Libraries, Ege Manuscript 22, &#8216;Recto&#8217; (Original Verso). Image Public Domain.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Folio CXXXIIII<\/span> in the Temporal.  Columbia, South Carolina, University of South Carolina, University Libraries (Set 27 of FOL), <a href=\"https:\/\/digital.tcl.sc.edu\/digital\/collection\/pfp\/id\/1670\/rec\/33\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leaf cxxxiii<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/digital.tcl.sc.edu\/digital\/collection\/EMC\/id\/267\/rec\/15\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leaf cxxxiii[?]<\/a>.\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong>Verso<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"attachment_14679\" style=\"width: 739px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14679\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14679 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Univ-of-S-Carolina-U-Libs-Ege-No-22.jpg\" alt=\"Columbia, University of South Carolina, University Libraries, Ege FOL Set 27, Leaf 22. verso. Public Domain.\" width=\"729\" height=\"976\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Univ-of-S-Carolina-U-Libs-Ege-No-22.jpg 729w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Univ-of-S-Carolina-U-Libs-Ege-No-22-112x150.jpg 112w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Univ-of-S-Carolina-U-Libs-Ege-No-22-224x300.jpg 224w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 729px) 100vw, 729px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14679\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Columbia, University of South Carolina, University Libraries, Ege FOL Set 27, Leaf 22. verso. Public Domain.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Ownership and Provenance<\/h2>\nOf the origin of the manuscript, apparently we must depend upon its style of script, layout, musical notation, annotations, and other features.  Some evidence, both internal and external, preserves indications of its ownership across parts of its history.\n<h3>1) Parish Church of Saint John the Baptist, Warburg in Westphalia<\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_14683\" style=\"width: 235px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14683\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14683 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"Warburg, Neustadtkirche. Photograph by Kno-Biesdorf - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, via https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=63450859.\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche-112x150.jpg 112w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/800px-Warburger_Neustadtkirche.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14683\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Warburg, Neustadtkirche. Photograph by Kno-Biesdorf &#8211; Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, via https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=63450859.<\/p><\/div>\n\nSometime or other after its production circa 1325, the Missal entered the collection of the Parish Church of Saint John the Baptist in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warburg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Warburg<\/a>. This association is recorded in a dated  inscription which accompanied the book.  Without an image of the inscription itself, we depend upon subsequent reports of that evidence.  Those reports sometimes specify the migrating location of the inscription (&#8220;flyleaf&#8221; in 1997, &#8220;paper endleaf now glued to pastedown&#8221; by 2011, etc.).\n\nSome reports mention its existence and position in the book.  For example:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Flyleaf ownership inscription of the parish church of St. John the Baptist, Warburg, dated 6 June 1682.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2014\u2014 William P. Stoneman, &#8220;A Summary Guide to Manuscripts in the Bergendal Collection, Toronto&#8221;, in <em>A Distinct Voice:  Medieval Studies in Honor of Leonard E. Boyle, O. P.<\/em> , edited by Jacqueline Brown and William P. Stoneman (Notre Dame, Indiana, 1997), pp. 163\u2013206, at p. 193.<\/p>\nOther reports quote its text.  They do so either implicitly and in part (1947 Sotheby&#8217;s catalogue), or explicitly and possibly in full (as in the 1984 Sotheby&#8217;s catalogue and the 1999 Bergendal catalogue), perhaps expanding silently any abbreviations of the original.\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>Hic liber ad usum Ecclesiae parochalis Sancti Johannis Batistae renovatus est Warburgi anno <\/em>[<em>1<\/em>]<em>682, 9 Junii.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2014\u2014 Christopher de Hamel, Sotheby&#8217;s, <em>Western Manuscripts and Miniatures<\/em>, 11 December 1984, lot 52.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u2014\u2014 Joseph Pope, <em>One Hundred and Twenty-Five Manuscripts:  Bergendal Collection Catalogue<\/em> (Toronto:  Brabant Holdings, 1999), Bergendal MS 69, pp. 1\u20134 (at page 4).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2014\u2014 Sotheby&#8217;s, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2011\/western-manuscripts-and-miniatures\/lot.87.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5 July 2011, lot 87<\/a>.<\/p>\nThat is, perhaps,\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8220;This book, for the Use of the Parochial Church of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_the_Baptist\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Saint John the Baptist<\/a>, was renovated [<em>or<\/em> restored, <em>perhaps<\/em> rebound] at Warburg in the year 1682, on the 9th of June&#8221;.<\/p>\nThe word order appears to indicate that Warburg pertained more to the location of the renovation (whatever that was) than to  the Church.  However, who can tell, at this distance, how precise or imprecise was the choice and order of wording?\n\nThe wording does not exactly state that the church owned it, as do many forms of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adelaide.edu.au\/library\/special\/exhibitions\/provenance\/types-provenance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ex-libris inscriptions or marks<\/a>.  Instead, it remarks that the church has (or was to have) the liturgical <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liturgy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Use<\/a> of the book, while it records a &#8220;renovation&#8221; of some sort at Warburg in (or by) a specific date in 1682.\n\nAn assumption that the &#8220;renovation&#8221; took place in the same town as the location of the Parochial Church may or may not be justified.  At least, a Parochial Church with that dedication is known at Warburg, so that the assumption could be plausible, unless shown otherwise.\n<h3>The Book Before 1682<\/h3>\nThe date of the inscription leaves a long gap between the manufacture of the manuscript for ecclesiastical use (and Use), apparently somewhere in German realms in the High Middle Ages, and the recorded presence of the volume among the projected appurtenances of the Parochial Church at (or near) Warburg in the early modern period.\n\nThus we should, indeed we must, keep in mind a distinction between the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Provenance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Provenance<\/a> (Location in Warburg, at least for renovation, by inscription dated to 1682) and the Origin, or <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/provenience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Provenience<\/a> (Location &#8220;TBD&#8221;).  (See also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/provenience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Provenience<\/a>).\n\nUpheavals affecting religious as well as other institutions in these realms during the intervening period, between the first half of the 14th and the latter part of the 17th century, impacted the dispersal and re-distribution of many ecclesiastical (and other institutional) books before, during, and after the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reformation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reformation<\/a> in the 16th century.  A telling example is explored in our blog for a set of medieval <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/selbold-cartulary-fragments\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Selbold Cartulary Fragments<\/a>.\n\nSuch disruptions have, it seems, impacted the transmission of knowledge about Ege Manuscript 22 \u2014 to its detriment.\n<h3>From Leander Van Ess to Thomas Phillipps &amp; Beyond<\/h3>\nSubsequently the volume entered private hands, in an intricate series of transactions.\n<h3>2) Johan Heinrich (<em>or<\/em> Leander) van Ess\/E\u03b2 (1772\u20131847)<\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_15170\" style=\"width: 263px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15170\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15170 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Leander_van_E\u00df-by-Martin-Esslinger-1793-1841-Public-Domain-253x300.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait of Leander van E\u00df by Martin Esslinger (1793-1841), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.\" width=\"253\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Leander_van_E\u00df-by-Martin-Esslinger-1793-1841-Public-Domain-253x300.jpg 253w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Leander_van_E\u00df-by-Martin-Esslinger-1793-1841-Public-Domain-126x150.jpg 126w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Leander_van_E\u00df-by-Martin-Esslinger-1793-1841-Public-Domain.jpg 611w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 253px) 100vw, 253px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15170\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Portrait of Leander van E\u00df by Martin Esslinger (1793-1841), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n\nFirst on record, more than a century after the date of the &#8220;ex-libris&#8221; inscription, the book reached the collection of Johan Heinrich van Ess or E\u03b2 (1772\u20131847), a German Catholic theologian and dedicated book-collector.\n<ul>\n  <li><strong>Leander van Ess<\/strong> or <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johann_Heinrich_van_Ess\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Johan Heinrich van Ess<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leander_van_E%C3%9F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leander van E\u00df<\/a> (1772\u20131847), a German <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Catholic\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic\">Catholic<\/a> theologian, born at <a title=\"Warburg\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warburg\">Warburg<\/a> in <a title=\"Westphalia\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Westphalia\">Westphalia<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nAs a member of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benedictines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benedictine order<\/a>, van Ess took the name <a href=\"https:\/\/www.behindthename.com\/name\/leander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leander<\/a>.  He was born and raised in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warburg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Warburg<\/a> in <a title=\"Westphalia\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Westphalia\">Westphalia<\/a>.  Other parts of his life took him to other places.  They included <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marienmunster\">Marienmunster<\/a> in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bishopric_of_Paderborn\">Bishopric of Paderborn<\/a> (from 1790), <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schwalenberg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Schwalenberg<\/a> (1799\u20131821), <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marburg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marburg<\/a> (1821\u20131822), and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Darmstadt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Darmstadt<\/a> (whence he sold his collection), and concluded with his death at Affolterbach in the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Odenwald\">Odenwald<\/a>.\n\nIn his collection, the Missal held the number 131.  According to the Sotheby&#8217;s Catalogue of 11 December 1984 (see below), &#8220;this number is on the spine [of the binding] too.&#8221;  According to the Bergendal Collection catalogue of 1999 (page 4), &#8220;At one time the spine bore a printed paper label reading 131.&#8221;  The shift in the position of the label presumably belongs to &#8220;our restoration&#8221; of the volume in that collection, which included attaching &#8220;new leather straps&#8221; to the clasps (page 4).  Likewise imposed in that &#8220;restoration&#8221; are blank sheets of paper (as reported by the 2011 Sotheby&#8217;s e-catalogue), inserted between those of the manuscript to reflect the leaves removed from various places within it while in Ege&#8217;s collection.\n\nThe privately printed catalogue which Van Ess prepared for the sale of his collection while in Darmstadt lists the item briefly.  It stands among the 367 Western manuscripts (plus some other materials).\n<ul>\n  <li><em>Sammlung und Verzeichniss handschriftlicher B\u00fccher . . . welche besitzt Leander van Ess <\/em>(Darmstadt, 1823), <a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/books\/reader?id=EE8VAAAAQAAJ&amp;hl=en&amp;pg=GBS.PA24\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">p. 24<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">131.  Missale.  Auf<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> 322 Pergamentbl\u00e4tter <\/span>mit grosser Missalschrift und Choralnoten sch\u00f6n geschrieben, enth\u00e4lt mehrere auf Goldgrund gemalte Bilder und viele gemalte Initialen, weicht ebenfalls von der jetzt bestehenden Liturgie der Messe ab; ist sehr gut erhalten, in starkem Lederband gebunden.  Folio magno.<\/p>\nConcisely, the entry records the type of book (Missale), the number of its leaves, and other features, ranging from script and musical notation to condition, binding, and format.\n<ul>\n  <li>322 &#8220;parchment leaves&#8221;<\/li>\n  <li>the &#8220;large&#8221; and &#8220;beautifully written&#8221; liturgical script (&#8220;Missal-type Script&#8221;) and musical notation for the choir (&#8220;Choral-type Notation&#8221;),<\/li>\n  <li>the &#8220;multiple painted images (<em>Bilder<\/em>) on gold background&#8221; [that is, in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Historiated_initial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">historiated initials<\/a> and\/or other settings],<\/li>\n  <li>the &#8220;many painted initials&#8221;,<\/li>\n  <li>the deviation of the text &#8220;from the current liturgy of the Mass&#8221; [i. e. from the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tridentine_Mass\" target=\"_lank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tridentine<\/a>, in use from 1570 onward],<\/li>\n  <li>the &#8220;very well preserved&#8221; condition,<\/li>\n  <li>the &#8220;strong [<em>or<\/em> stout] leather binding&#8221;, and<\/li>\n  <li>the format in <em>folio magno<\/em> (&#8220;large folio&#8221;; see <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Folio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Folio<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nOn the Van Ess collection, its catalogue, and the subsequent distribution of the books (and other materials), see, for example,\n<ul>\n  <li>Milton McC. Gatch, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.miltongatch.us\/the_book_collections_of_leande.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">The Book Collections of Leander Van Ess<\/a>, with further references.<\/li>\n  <li>Sigrid Kr\u00e4mer, &#8220;A Manuscript Catalogue of the Nineteenth Century:  Leander van Ess&#8217;s Description of the Books Sold in 1824 to Sir Thomas Phillipps&#8221;, <em>Gazette of the Grolier Clu<\/em>b, New Series, 48 (1997), 91\u2013105.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"LEFT\">A close examination of the collection assembled by Van Ess yields salient observations.  For example,<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\" align=\"LEFT\">Although he was never a wealthy man, historical circumstances made it possible for Leander van Ess to acquire large collections of valuable books.  He emerged from the monastery into the world because of the secularizing programs of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_period\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Napoleonic regime in Germany<\/a> at the beginning of the nineteenth century.<\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\">And so, he &#8220;amassed very large collections, apparently at nominal expense.&#8221;  Among them are<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\" align=\"LEFT\">books from <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marienmunster\">Marienmunster<\/a>, acquired when he left there . . . books from other former monastic libraries, including many from the Benedictine monastery at <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huysburg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hysburg<\/a> in the diocese of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halberstadt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Halberstadt<\/a>, of which his cousin Carl had been a member . . .<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">A large number of books originating from a number of south-west German monasteries came from the duplicates collection of the university library at <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Freiburg_im_Breisgau\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Freiburg im Breisgau<\/a>.  A significant group of manuscripts originated at the Carthusian monastery of St. Barbara in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cologne\" target=\"&quot;_bank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cologne<\/a> . . . [etc.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2014 Milton McC. Gatch, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.miltongatch.us\/the_book_collections_of_leande.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">The Book Collections of Leander Van Ess<\/a>.<\/p>\nIt might be thought that the acquisition of the Warburg Missal derived from connections through Leander \/ Johan Heinrich&#8217;s own origin in that place years before.\n\nNot impossible.  However, the very wide spread of his acquisitions over a number of years may indicate that he found it instead by some other route.\n\nIt is not known when or where he acquired the volume, to become Number 131 among 367 manuscripts in his list for their sale.  To come into his hands, given his own origins, might have constituted serendipity rather than specific design.  Stranger coincidences have happened in the history of book-collecting.\n\nWho can say what the volume might have contained, and might, in fragments, still contain, in the forms of notes, marks, and other features that could, properly deciphered, have spoken of its travels from the Parish Church to and through the hands of Leander \/ Johan Heidrich Van Ess?\n<h3>3) Sir Thomas Phillipps (1792\u20131872)<\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_15171\" style=\"width: 208px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15171\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15171 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Phillipps3.gif\" alt=\"Sir Thomas Phillipps circa 1860. Image Public Domain via Creative Commons.\" width=\"198\" height=\"290\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-15171\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sir Thomas Phillipps circa 1860. Image Public Domain via Creative Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n\nNext, with the rest of the Van Ess\/E\u03b2 collection of manuscripts, the volume was sold to:\n<ul>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Phillipps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Thomas Phillipps<\/a> (1792\u20131872), renowned English antiquary and book collector.<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nIn his huge collection, the Missal held the number 516.  The Bergendal Collection catalogue (page 4) reports that its Portion of Ege MS 22 retains Sir Thomas&#8217;s &#8220;book-plate affixed to front pastedown bearing in his hand the number 516.&#8221;  (Perhaps like this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebay.com\/itm\/Sir-Thomas-Phillipps-Bookplate-Original-Greatest-book-collector-in-history-\/274608387494\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">one<\/a>?)\n\nWithout (for now) taking us down the path (AKA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/rabbit%20hole\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rabbit Hole<\/a>) of bibliographical references to the collection of Phillipps Manuscripts, its catalogue(s), its contents, and its dispersal, I mention this resource focusing upon the catalogue of the books comprised of manuscripts.\n<ul>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.hathitrust.org\/Record\/100174696\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Catalogus librorum manuscriptorum in bibliotheca D. Thomae Phillipps, bt., impressum Typis Medio-Montanis, 1837-1871 \/ [by Thomas Phillipps] ; with an introd. by A. N. L. Munby<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nThe dispersal of the collection was complex, perhaps needless to say.  Some pointers about directions and intentions, with references, are offered here, with reference to the arrivals in North America:\n<ul>\n  <li>Toby Burrows, &#8220;Manuscripts of Sir Thomas Phillipps in North American Institutions&#8221;, <a href=\"https:\/\/repository.upenn.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1016&amp;context=mss_sims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Manuscript Studies:  A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies, 1:2 (Fall, 2017)<\/a>, pp. 207\u2013327.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nIn brief, the Missal belongs to the group of manuscripts sharing ownership by Leander van Ess and Thomas Phillipps, with a pattern of distribution among multiple collections.  The dispersal and distribution of some of them is complicated by further dispersals of individual manuscripts, including this one which reached the disruptive collection of Otto Ege.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15172\" style=\"width: 1610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15172\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15172 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Thirlestaine_House_Cheltenham.jpg\" alt=\"View of Thirlestaine House, Cheltenham, Home of Sir Thomas Phillipps. View from Bath Road. Photograph by Philip Ratzer on 2 October 2013. Image via Creative Commons.\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Thirlestaine_House_Cheltenham.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Thirlestaine_House_Cheltenham-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Thirlestaine_House_Cheltenham-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Thirlestaine_House_Cheltenham-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Thirlestaine_House_Cheltenham-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15172\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">View of Thirlestaine House, Cheltenham, Home of Sir Thomas Phillipps. View from Bath Road. Photograph by Philip Ratzer on 2 October 2013. Image via Creative Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>Phillips MS 516 = Ege MS 22<\/h3>\nIn the many sales of the astonishing Phillips Collection, requiring decades upon decades of dispersal, this Missal manuscript was sold by Sotheby&#8217;s in London, along with other Phillips manuscripts and documents, on 1 December 1947.\n\nThe entry in that sale catalogue provides information not found readily elsewhere.  Its representations and interpretations have subsequently affected discussions of the nature and origin of the manuscript \u2014 not always for the good.\n\nLet us examine its terms.  In quoting its full text, I add emphasis in <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red<\/span>, and offer comments here and below.\n<ul>\n  <li>Sotheby &amp; Co.,<em> Bibliotheca Phillippica.  Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Renowned Library formed by the late Sir Thomas Phillipps<\/em> . . . (Monday, the 1st of December, 1947), page 17:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Lot 92.  Missal.  Ad usum Ecclesi\u00e6 parochialis S. Johannis Baptisti\u00e6, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">W\u00fcrzburg<\/span> [<em>sic<\/em>], German MS. on vellum of the <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">13th Century<\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">325 ll.<\/span> (<em>measuring<\/em> 14<em>in. by<\/em> 10<em>in<\/em>.), double columns, <em>with <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ten historiated initials<\/span> in gold and colours, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">besides the full-page Canon Miniature of the Crucifixion<\/span>, numerous capitals in red and blue, folio, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">original pigskin over oak boards<\/span>, remains of clasps<\/em> (<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">516<\/span>)  S. German, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">13th Century<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">The full-page painting of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crucifixion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Crucifixion<\/a>, the service of the Mass and the Penitence of David are as usual somewhat and rubbed through usage, but the MS. is a good specimen of a very early Missal in its original state.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">In the Calendar (8 July) is commemorated in red, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Kilian\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">St. Kilian<\/a>, who suffered martyrdom at <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">W\u00fcrzburg<\/span>.<\/p>\nNote the spelling <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>W\u00fcrzburg<\/em><\/span>, whereas other citations of the inscription report the place as <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Warburg<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> (<em>Warburgi<\/em>)<\/span><\/span>.<em>\n<\/em>\n\nElsewhere, in a later Sotheby&#8217;s catalogue (see above and below), an explicit quotation of the &#8220;ex-libris&#8221; inscription (quoted in full?) shows that the 1947 entry quotes the text of that inscription only partly (<em>Ad usum Ecclesi\u00e6 parochialis S. Johannis Baptisti\u00e6<\/em>, plus that element or mistranscription <em>W\u00fcrzburg<\/em>), without further explanation.\n\nThe 1947 entry specifies the number, location, and material of some elements which the Van Ess catalogue mentions more generally.  Mentioned are the different forms of images, distinguishing between initials and a frontispiece (&#8220;ten historiated initials in gold and colours&#8221;, plus the &#8220;full-page Canon Miniature of the Crucifixion&#8221;, presumably likewise having gold background).  The entry reports elements of the binding, with its &#8220;<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">original<\/span> pigskin over oak boards&#8221;, plus the &#8220;remains of clasps&#8221;.  I&#8217;m not sure what &#8220;<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(<\/span>516<span style=\"color: #000000;\">)<\/span><\/span>&#8221; means in the context.\n\nNote that the entry declares the &#8220;pigskin&#8221; binding to be &#8220;<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">original<\/span>&#8220;, therefore, presumably, &#8220;<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">13th Century<\/span>&#8220;, like the date to which the entry attributes the manuscript and the ensemble.\n\nThe 2011 Sotheby e-catalogue (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2011\/western-manuscripts-and-miniatures\/lot.87.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5 July 2011, lot 87<\/a>) illustrates a frontal view of the binding and describes it thus:  &#8220;early blind-stamped pigskin over wooden boards (with skilful [<em>sic<\/em>] modern restoration), two clasps&#8221;.\n<h3>A Note on the Binding and the Reused Binding Fragments<\/h3>\nFor a moment, let us consider the binding, insofar as it is reported or illustrated online.  Tantalizing is the mention in the e-catalogue of &#8220;binding fragments from German fifteenth-century liturgical book now separate&#8221;.  Re-used binding fragments can be an extraordinarily rich source of information about binding history, provenance, and more.   (See, for example, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fragmentology_(manuscripts)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fragmentology<\/a>.)\n\nAny <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fragmentology_(manuscripts)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fragments<\/a> reused in the binding or rebinding might well provide useful evidence of history and provenance.  The auction catalogue yields few specifics. Did the fragments function in situ, as, say, pastedown(s), endleaf\/endleaves, spine-liner(s), or some other structures?  From what sort of &#8220;liturgical book&#8221;, presumably deemed obsolete, did they come?  Manuscript or early printed?  Given the proposed &#8220;15th-century&#8221; date, printed materials and printing waste would be possible candidates.  Was the book in &#8220;German&#8221;, or rather from (or presumed to be from) Germany (like the manuscript itself), but in another liturgical language (as in, Latin)?\n\nPerhaps the reused fragments arrived as part of the &#8220;restoration&#8221; completed by 6 June 1682.\n\nNo longer in situ (and thus deprived of some of their evidentiary value), they seem to have been lifted away from the binding in its modern restoration.  Like their removal from the volume itself into a &#8220;separate&#8221; location, the sparse description in the auction catalogue keeps their character and their relationship with the Missal shrouded in disembodied mystery.\n<h3>A Note on Numbers<\/h3>\nPerhaps the different number of leaves (322 &#8220;vellum leaves&#8221; versus 325 &#8220;ll.&#8221;) \u2014 as cited respectively in the Van Ess catalogue and the Phillipps sale catalogue \u2014 reflects a different approach to counting the vellum leaves of the manuscript and any endleaves within the book? (Such as the &#8220;paper endleaf&#8221; which carried the 1692 inscription.)  Or did it acquire some extra leaves or inserts along the way?\n\nA comparable issue regarding different folio counts by only a few leaves (but with fewer in the later catalogue) arises with Ege Manuscript 40.  See <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/otto-eges-aquinas-manuscript-in-humanist-script-ege-manuscript-40\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Otto Ege&#8217;s Aquinas Manuscript in Humanist Script (&#8216;Ege Manuscript 40)&#8221;<\/a>.\n<h3>4) Otto Ege Et Al.<\/h3>\nAfter purchase at Sotheby&#8217;s, the manuscript went to:\n<ul>\n  <li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Otto_Ege\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Otto F. Ege<\/a><\/strong> (1888\u20131951)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nEge left marks on many parts of the book, as he distributed its pieces, and added pencil notes on many of them.  His marks include the cutting marks (whether by his own hand or that of others working with him) to achieve the current inner contours of severed leaves.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15558\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15558\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15558\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom.jpg 454w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-300x115.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_7936-Wagner-Ege-22-verso-bottom-150x57.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15558\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Leaf from Ege MS 22, recto, bottom. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\nAnd so, through Ege, parts of the manuscript went to others, through the FOL Portfolio and other means . . .\n\n<div id=\"attachment_11478\" style=\"width: 513px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11478\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11478 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/IMG_6228-Side-View-of-the-Family-Album-now-at-Yale-Beinecke-Rare-Books-and-Manuscripts-Library-Otto-Ege-Collection-Family-FOL-croppped-and-rotated.-Photography-by-Mildred-Budny-503x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Otto Ege's Portfolio of 'Fifty Original Leaves', Set 3. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Otto Ege Collection. The Ege Family Portfolio.\" width=\"503\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/IMG_6228-Side-View-of-the-Family-Album-now-at-Yale-Beinecke-Rare-Books-and-Manuscripts-Library-Otto-Ege-Collection-Family-FOL-croppped-and-rotated.-Photography-by-Mildred-Budny-503x1024.jpg 503w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/IMG_6228-Side-View-of-the-Family-Album-now-at-Yale-Beinecke-Rare-Books-and-Manuscripts-Library-Otto-Ege-Collection-Family-FOL-croppped-and-rotated.-Photography-by-Mildred-Budny-74x150.jpg 74w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/IMG_6228-Side-View-of-the-Family-Album-now-at-Yale-Beinecke-Rare-Books-and-Manuscripts-Library-Otto-Ege-Collection-Family-FOL-croppped-and-rotated.-Photography-by-Mildred-Budny-147x300.jpg 147w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/IMG_6228-Side-View-of-the-Family-Album-now-at-Yale-Beinecke-Rare-Books-and-Manuscripts-Library-Otto-Ege-Collection-Family-FOL-croppped-and-rotated.-Photography-by-Mildred-Budny-768x1562.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/IMG_6228-Side-View-of-the-Family-Album-now-at-Yale-Beinecke-Rare-Books-and-Manuscripts-Library-Otto-Ege-Collection-Family-FOL-croppped-and-rotated.-Photography-by-Mildred-Budny.jpg 1864w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-11478\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Otto Ege&#8217;s Portfolio of &#8216;Fifty Original Leaves&#8217;, Set 3. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, 2016. gene. 14. Otto Ege Collection. The Ege Family Portfolio, seen from the Side. Photograph Mildred Budny.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Dispersal, Retrieval, Repeat<\/h2>\nAs customary, some parts of Ege&#8217;s manuscript were sold again, not only as individual leaves, but as groups.  In some cases, the residual &#8216;carcass&#8217;, replete with binding, surfaces in the course of resale and redistribution.  Examples include <strong>Ege MS 14<\/strong>, <strong>Ege MS 51<\/strong>, and more.  See our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/manuscript-studies-contents-list\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contents List<\/a>.\n\nNow we take the story to stages which followed Ege&#8217;s handling of it and its pieces.\n\nSee Part II of II.\n\n*****************\n<h3>5) Bergendal Collection<\/h3>\nCollecting substantial remnants of the manuscript focused upon, and benefited from, the Additive Approach.\n\nThis manuscript joins the company of manuscripts despoiled for Ege&#8217;s specimen leaves, left over as a &#8216;Residue&#8217;, and &#8216;rescued&#8217; in a bulk purchase \u2014 sometimes still with the binding.  Others include the large portion in the Sch\u00f8yen Collection of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.schoyencollection.com\/palaeography-collection-introduction\/latin-book-scripts\/gothic-book-scripts\/semi-quadrata\/ms-223\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ege Manuscript 14<\/a> (a large-format Lectern Bible) and the multiple remnants in the Otto Ege Collection at Yale of <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/more-parts-of-ege-manuscript-51\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ege Manuscript 51<\/a> (Aristotle et al. in more than 1 volume).  A view of the interior in Volume II of the latter shows gaps and rearrangements imposed in extractions.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15074\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15074\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15074 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_2720-Beinecke-Ege-Ms-51-Vol-II-open-to-15r-facing-108v-a-verso-as-recto-cropped-1024x687.jpg\" alt=\"Beinecke Manuscript &amp; Rare Book Library, Otto Ege Collection, Volume II of Ege Manuscript 51, Folios 15r and 108v (turned as a recto). Photography Mildred Budny.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"687\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_2720-Beinecke-Ege-Ms-51-Vol-II-open-to-15r-facing-108v-a-verso-as-recto-cropped-1024x687.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_2720-Beinecke-Ege-Ms-51-Vol-II-open-to-15r-facing-108v-a-verso-as-recto-cropped-150x101.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_2720-Beinecke-Ege-Ms-51-Vol-II-open-to-15r-facing-108v-a-verso-as-recto-cropped-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/IMG_2720-Beinecke-Ege-Ms-51-Vol-II-open-to-15r-facing-108v-a-verso-as-recto-cropped-768x516.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15074\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beinecke Manuscript &amp; Rare Book Library, Otto Ege Collection, Volume II of Ege Manuscript 51, Folios 15r and 108v (turned as a recto). Photography Mildred Budny.<\/p><\/div>\n\nBy this process, a collector acquired a large chunk of the manuscript, after its function as a quarry for specimens.  In the case of Ege Manuscript 22, the same collector acquired another chunk to return into the span of its binding.\n<h3>Part 1:  125 Leaves plus the Binding<\/h3>\nA bulky &#8216;residue&#8217; or carcass of the volume in its binding, after Ege&#8217;s extractions, was sold in 1984 and bought through Alan G. Thomas for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/bergendal-collection-catalogue-one-hundred-and-twenty-five-manuscripts\/oclc\/41978401\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bergendal Collection<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toronto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Toronto<\/a>.  The 1984 Sotheby&#8217;s sales catalogue, which includes a group of various Ege materials left over in his own collection, offers a detailed description.\n<ul>\n  <li>Sotheby&#8217;s, <em>Western Manuscripts and Miniatures<\/em>, 11 December 1984, lot 52, comprising 125 leaves (some dismembered and loosely inserted) and the 17th-century binding.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nThe entry for this lot quotes the ex-libris inscription recording a &#8216;renovatio&#8217; \u2014 which apparently covers the restoration and rebinding.\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Hic liber ad usum Ecclesiae parochalis Sancti Johannis Batistae renovatus est Warburgi anno [1]682, 9 Junii.<\/p>\nThis time, the entry places on record the reinterpretation of the place-name from <em>W\u00fcrzburg<\/em> to <em>Warburg<\/em>, located &#8220;nr. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paderborn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paderborn<\/a>, about 100 miles N.E. of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cologne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cologne<\/a>&#8220;.  Also:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">This inscription has previously been read as referring to W\u00fcrzburg, and it was noted in 1947 that St. Kylian of W<em>\u00fc<\/em>rzburg was in the Calendar; however there are many other north German and Rhineland feasts in red too, including SS. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Boniface\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boniface<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ulrich\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Odalric<\/a>, Menulf, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Ursula\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11,000 Virgins<\/a> [or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historic-uk.com\/HistoryUK\/HistoryofEngland\/Saint-Ursula-the-11000-British-Virgins\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Saint Ursula and the 10,000 British Virgins<\/a>], <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aubert_of_Avranches\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Autbert<\/a>, etc.  The binding no doubt dates from the &#8216;renovatio&#8217; of 1682.<\/p>\nThe entry gives a depressing report of the state of the book.\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">The manuscript is now very imperfect.  At least 197 leaves are certainly missing:  50 after f.4, 1 after f.8, 2 after f.9, 3 after f.20, 2 after f.21, 3 after f.22, . . . 1 after f. 61, an unknown number after f. 62, 2 after f. 63, . . . 3 after f. 102, 2 after f.110 and 2 after f.115.  In fact, the earliest published description of the volume by Van Ess in 1823 describes it as having 322 leaves.  By a neat sum, 322 (1823 description) minus 197 (accounted for missing) is 125 (still present). . . .<\/p>\nLeftovers after the pickings and choosings for Portfolio sets and other vending opportunities take the form of a carcass, after a feast.\n<h3>Part 2:  19 Extra Leaves<\/h3>\nA group of 19 detached leaves, sold in 1985, joined the same collection.  Apparently as customary, its offering appeared in a Sotheby&#8217;s catalogue.\n<ul>\n  <li>Sotheby&#8217;s, <em>Western Manuscripts and Miniatures<\/em>, 26 November 1985, lot 62, 19 detached leaves, including a large historiated initial <em>B<\/em> (of <em>Benedicta<\/em>) for the introit for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trinity_Sunday\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trinity Sunday<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u2014 This initial appears among the images displayed in the 2011 Sotheby&#8217;s e-catalogue (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2011\/western-manuscripts-and-miniatures\/lot.87.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5 July 2011, lot 87<\/a>).<\/p>\nThe catalogue states that the lot comprises 19 leaves.  The Bergendal Collection catalogue calls it 20 leaves (page 4).\n<h3>Parts 1 + 2 = Bergendal MS 69<\/h3>\nThe resulting ensemble of &#8216;145&#8217; leaves held the Bergendal number 69.  The collection was assembled by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legacy.com\/obituaries\/theglobeandmail\/obituary.aspx?n=joseph-pope&amp;pid=189945528\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joseph Pope<\/a> (1921-2010) of Toronto, investor banker and prominent collector of medieval manuscripts.\n\nIn the survey of the Bergendal manuscripts by William Stoneman for a <em>Festschrift<\/em> published in 199<em>7 <\/em>(see above), the entry for this fragment focuses upon the &#8220;<em>ex-libris&#8221;<\/em> inscription for Warburg and the stages of transmission of the book through collections subsequently.\n\nSo far, the catalogue of the Bergendal Collection remains inaccessible for consultation in this time of bibliographical lockdown.  Purported links to its presence online (in full or in individual entries) do not function.\n<ul>\n  <li>Joseph Pope, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/bergendal-collection-catalogue-one-hundred-and-twenty-five-manuscripts\/oclc\/50670440\/editions?referer=di&amp;editionsView=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bergendal Collection Catalogue: One Hundred and Twenty-Five Manuscripts<\/a> (Toronto: Brabant Holdings, 1999), number 69.<\/li>\n  <li>Bergendal Collection of Medieval Manuscripts:  <a tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"http:\/\/www3.sympatico.ca\/bergendalcoll\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" counter=\"1\" value=\"none\" class=\"broken_link\">http:\/\/www3.sympatico.ca\/bergendalcoll\/<\/a> (a non-functional link, so that its contents remain unknown)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[<em>Update on 18 April 2021<\/em>:  With the generous help of our Associate, Vajra Regan, it has become possible to see photographs of the 4-page catalogue entry for Manuscript 69, and to learn about other features of the catalogue.  This post incorporates, and responds to, the information presented there.]\n\nAnother citation eludes discovery.\n<ul>\n  <li>F. D\u00f6rling (Hamburg), <em>Wertvolle B\u00fccher, Manuskripte und Autographen<\/em>, Cat. 111 (6\u20138 June 1985), no. 3.\n\u2014 Teste Gwara, <a href=\"http:\/\/mssprovenance.blogspot.com\/2014\/03\/otto-eges-manuscripts-two-recent.html\">Otto Ege&#8217;s Manuscripts<\/a>, <em>Handlist<\/em> No. 22 (page 125).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[<em>Update on 11 April 2021<\/em>:  Although I have finally managed to obtain from abroad a copy of this very D\u00f6rling catalogue, its no. 3 (pages 9\u201310) concerns a different manuscript altogether.  Namely, a <em>Biblia Latina<\/em> in 500 leaves of the early 14th century from Italy, probably Naples.  Nor does the catalogue appear to contain any entry relating to the Missal under consideration here.  We should consider the citation to be a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.macquariedictionary.com.au\/blog\/article\/158\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ghost Entry<\/a>.  Perhaps it migrated by mistake from some other context in drawing up the <em>Handlist<\/em> of Ege&#8217;s Manuscripts.]\n\nAfter Joseph Pope&#8217;s death, the books were sold.  Again, the portions of Ege Manuscript 22 travelled through Sotheby&#8217;s.\n<ul>\n  <li>Sotheby&#8217;s, <em>Western Manuscripts and Miniatures<\/em>, 5 July 2011, lot 87 (145 leaves), viewable via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sothebys.com\/en\/auctions\/ecatalogue\/2011\/western-manuscripts-and-miniatures\/lot.87.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5 July 2011, lot 87<\/a> = <em>olim<\/em> Bergendal MS 69, within its binding of &#8220;early blind-stamped pigskin over wooden boards&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nIts contents as reassembled:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The text of this large and imposing codex is prefaced by a complete Calendar (fol.1r), and includes parts of the Temporal from the second week of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lent<\/a> (fol.r) to the twenty-third Sunday after <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pentecost\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pentecost<\/a> (fol.75r); followed by the Canon (fol.76r); and the Sanctoral from the Feasts of SS. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martinian_and_Processus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Processus and Martinian<\/a>, 2 July fol.79v), to that of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Nicholas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">St. Nicholas<\/a>, 6 December (fol.105v); ending with various masses and prayers.<\/p>\nPresent location unknown.\n\nOf the historiated or illustrated elements mentioned in the 1947 Sotheby&#8217;s catalogue of the Phillipps sale, most of them have left the book, but some have resurfaced.  The &#8220;ten historiated initials in gold and colours, besides the full-page painting of the Crucifixion&#8221; (1 December 1947, no. 92), have been reduced in the Bergendal Portion to the one.  That is, the <em>B<\/em> enclosing an image of the Crucifixion for Trinity Sunday (on &#8220;fol.62v&#8221;), as illustrated in close-up for the 2011 e-catalogue.\n\nSome dispersed leaves, as with the leaf in the Ege Family Portfolio at the Beinecke (Set 3 of FOL; see above), preserve historiated initials, but so far the full-page Crucifixion remains elusive.\n<h2>W\u00fcrzburg Missal <em>versus<\/em> Warburg Missal<\/h2>\nThe 2011 Sotheby&#8217;s e-catalogue for the Bergendal Portion records its state at the time as comprising 145 leaves in the restored and partly adjusted binding, with the reused &#8220;binding fragments&#8221; from another liturgical book (unspecified) having been removed to a &#8220;separate&#8221; state.  The catalogue declares unequivocably that the book was\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Written and illuminated for the use of a priest and choir in a church in the diocese of W\u00fcrzburg:  SS. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Kilian\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kylian<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Afra\" target=\"blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Afra<\/a>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Two_Ewalds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">two Ewalds<\/a>, Odalric [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ulrich\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ulrich<\/a>], Menulf and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aubert_of_Avranches\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Autbert<\/a> in Calendar; and by 1682 in the use of the church of St. John in Warburg, 120 miles south-east [<em>sic<\/em>!] of W\u00fcrzburg . . .<\/p>\nAlbeit with some refinements (but misrepresenting their geographical orientations), that assessment of origin does not move far from Ege&#8217;s Label for the Specimen Leaves from this Missal.\n\nAs Ege put it,\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">This particular manuscript was written by <strong>Benedictine monks<\/strong> for the <strong>Parochial School of St. John the Baptist in W\u00fcrzburg<\/strong> shortly after 1300 A.D .<\/p>\nThus, Ege conflated <em>provenance<\/em> with <em>provenience<\/em>.  The conflation seems to have been spurred, at least in part, by the two similarly spelled German place-names, which seem to have challenged accurate transcription in his different versions of W\u00fcrzburg\/W\u00fcrzberg (see above).  Ege supposed that W\u00fcrzburg had a &#8220;Parochial School [<em>sic<\/em>] of St. John the Baptist&#8221; not long &#8220;after 1300 A.D.&#8221;.  He thereby confused a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parish_church\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parish Church<\/a> (<em>Ecclesi\u00e6 parochialis<\/em>) for a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parochial_school\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parochial School<\/a>.  He also presumed the Use of its Missal to be &#8220;Benedictine&#8221;.\n\nAs customary for dispersed Ege manuscript fragments (for example, see the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/manuscript-studies-contents-list&quot;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contents List<\/a> of this blog), it is necessary to examine closely, and often to reasses, the received opinions and assertions regarding them and their original volumes.\n\nTo cite a few of the challenges which both call for that (re)examination and impede its smooth or swft progress:\n<ul>\n  <li>the fragmentary and dispersed nature of the evidence, internal to the manuscript and external<\/li>\n  <li>Ege&#8217;s unfortunate habits in frequently mis-representing the books by his Labels<\/li>\n  <li>the challenges to rediscovering the dispersed parts of the books<\/li>\n  <li>the difficulties with tracking down the multiple sales catalogues both before and after Ege handled the individual manuscripts<\/li>\n  <li>the multiple, and sometimes contradictory, ways in which institutional collections represent their specimens, in their catalogues and\/or online, whether as individual Leaves, in sets of Ege&#8217;s Portfolio, or otherwise, sometimes without reporting the connection with Ege.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nSuch challenges, and others, afflict the study and attempted reconstructions of Ege manuscripts \u2014 among others now assigned by fate and by design into the realms of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fragmentology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fragmentology<\/a>.\n<h2>A Measured Approach<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_15508\" style=\"width: 242px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15508\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15508 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border-232x300.png\" alt=\"Front Cover for Report by Leslie J. French for the Wagner Leaf from Ege MS 22 (2021)\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border-232x300.png 232w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border-116x150.png 116w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border.png 618w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 232px) 100vw, 232px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15508\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Front Cover for Report by Leslie J. French for the Wagner Leaf from Ege MS 22 (2021)<\/p><\/div>\n\nExamining other parts of this manuscript, starting with the Wagner Leaf, and evaluating the relationships between their text and other pre-Tridentine Missals recorded in manuscript and printed sources, may indicate a different origin than the customary assignment to W\u00fcrzburg by some sources, including Ege.  See the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Report Booklet<\/a> by our Associate (and our <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/interview-with-our-font-and-layout-designer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Font &amp; Layout Designer<\/a>) Leslie J. French.\n\nThe Report examines\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px; text-align: center;\"><strong>A Leaf from the Warburg Missal (&#8216;Ege MS 22&#8217;) <\/strong>\n<strong>containing part of <\/strong>\n<strong>The Mass for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Feast_of_Corpus_Christi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Corpus Christi<\/a> <\/strong>\n<strong>and its Relation to Other Leaves<\/strong>.<\/p>\nThe close examination of selected parts of the text of the Missal \u2014 apart from the inaccessible Bergendal Portion \u2014 reveals some indications about its specific characteristics, the design for its &#8220;use by a celebrant well-versed in both the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liturgy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">liturgy<\/a> and in the performance of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mass_(liturgy)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mass<\/a>&#8220;.  It also establishes some directions toward, or indicators for, the possible place (or region) of origin for this Missal.\n\nFor example,\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The combined Feasts of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ten_thousand_martyrs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10,000 Martyrs<\/a> and Albini [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albinus_of_Angers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Albinus of Angers<\/a>] in the manuscript are a strong indication of northern-German production. In apparent refutation of that area is the Sotheby&#8217;s 1947 Catalog entry stating that St. Kilian is marked in red, and therefore points to a W\u00fcrzburg provenance. However, this assessment neglects the fact that St. Kilian was also the Patron Saint of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paderborn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paderborn<\/a> [in which diocese Warburg belongs].  The Cathedral there is dedicated to Sts Maria, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liborius_of_Le_Mans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Liborius<\/a>, and Kilian. There are at least four other churches in the area dedicated to St. Kilian, including one lying between Paderborn and Warburg.<\/p>\nThe Wagner Leaf serves as the point of departure and central focus for the Report as well as this blogpost.  The generosity of J. S. Wagner in showing it to us, and allowing us to research and to publish it, provided the opportunity to consider Ege&#8217;s Manuscript 22 as a complex entity, and to offer reflections based upon our individual and collective explorations of some of its aspects.\n\nDrawing inferences about this copy of the Missal, the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Report<\/a> offers observations about its layout, structure, and signs of continued use.  The Report then analyzes the textual elements on individual pages of the manuscript (&#8220;E&#8221;) as compared with other sources.  Among them are the printed <em>Missale Herbipolense<\/em> [W\u00fcrzburg] (1493), <em>Missale Praemonstratense<\/em> [Strassburg] (1510), <em>Missale Benedictinum<\/em> (1481), and several examples of the <em>Missale Coloniense<\/em> [Cologne] (1481, etc.).\n\nThe approach applies a method different from the traditional &#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variorum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">variorum<\/a>&#8216; style of edition, listing individual variations at the word level.  Because that style \u2014 which has merits \u2014 &#8220;would result in a huge number of apparent variations, obscuring significant differences&#8221;, the analysis here &#8220;uses instead the individual elements present on the page, and attempts to match the structure between the text of E and the other sources&#8221;.  This method employs <strong>similarity measures<\/strong> \u2014 i. e. count, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/terrytao.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/measure-book1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">Measure Theory<\/a>.  See the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Report Booklet<\/a>.\n\nThe process and results of the examination offer some caveats and reflections:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">This report only scratches the surface of the problems, and the pitfalls of liturgical analysis, particularly with only fragmentary, and partly second-hand, evidence.  Any one item may be interpreted, or mis-interpreted as leading to a conclusion regarding provenance, date, or Use.  . . .<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The <strong>similarity measures<\/strong> [see above] are also inconclusive.  They would seem to rule out the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benedictine_Rite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benedictine Missal<\/a> as a close relative. . . . The most-likely relatives are the three <em>Missale Coloniense<\/em>, followed by the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Premonstratensians\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Premonstratensian<\/a> example.  Given the relatively low score for the <em>Missale Herbipolense<\/em>, this is a further indication that Ege&#8217;s attribution of origin to W\u00fcrzburg may not be accurate.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15562\" style=\"width: 201px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15562\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15562 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-191x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"191\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-191x300.jpg 191w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-651x1024.jpg 651w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-95x150.jpg 95w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-768x1208.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-976x1536.jpg 976w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-1302x2048.jpg 1302w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-scaled.jpg 1627w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 191px) 100vw, 191px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15562\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cologne Cathedral seen from the East. Photo of 21 August 2017 \u00a9 Thomas Wolf, www.foto-tw.de (CC BY-SA 3.0 DE) via Creative Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n\nIn sum,\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">A tentative conclusion . . . would favor production, and probable Use, in or near K\u00f6ln [Cologne], but for an unknown location and purpose.  It seems safe at this point to continue to call the manuscript &#8220;The Warburg Missal&#8221;, pending further evidence.<\/p>\nFurther research may resolve some of these and perhaps other questions about Ege&#8217;s W\u00fcrzburg or Warburg Missal.\n<h2>Next Steps<\/h2>\nAs more leaves come into view, and other features come to be studied in their own right, it might become possible better to understand the nature of this Missal, its history, and its context. Worthy of investigation are, for example, the musical notation throughout the Missal, the individual &#8220;masses and prayers&#8221; at the end of the Bergendal Portion, and the reused binding fragments which formerly accompanied the volume, or its residue.\n\nSimilarly, examining the treatment in the Missal of other Saints having centers of devotion in northern Germany might bear fruit, now that other dioceses than W\u00fcrzburg might beckon for consideration.\n\nExamples could include <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Ursula\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">St. Ursula and the 11,000 Virgins<\/a>, the presence of which in the Missal was noted already in the 1984 Sotheby&#8217;s catalogue (see above).  The Feast of these Saints on October 21 appears in the Bergendal Portion (current folio number 99).  The presumed relics are venerated in Cologne \u2014 site of the martyrdom on 21 October 383 \u2014 at the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basilica_of_St._Ursula,_Cologne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Basilica of St. Ursula<\/a>.  An earlier focus upon saints connected with W\u00fcrzburg, in examining the Missal and its origin, overshadowed attention to saints closely associated with centers elsewhere in northern Germany.  It is time to re-examine the case, and perchance to redress an imbalance.\n\nAs such elements and potential interconnections are taken more fully into account, the Warburg Missal might stand forth more clearly not only as one of Ege&#8217;s fragmented books, but also as a witness to the times and places which gave rise to it and through which it (in whole or in pieces) has travelled.\n\nOur starting point, the Wagner Leaf, opened an exploration of the manuscript and its evidence, insofar as its leaves and reports present themselves.  We look forward to learning more about the book.\n<h2>Further Thoughts?<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_15508\" style=\"width: 242px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15508\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15508 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border-232x300.png\" alt=\"Front Cover for Report by Leslie J. French for Wagner Leaf from Ege MS 22 (2021)\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border-232x300.png 232w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border-116x150.png 116w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MS22_front_cover-1-with-Border.png 618w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 232px) 100vw, 232px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15508\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Front Cover for Report by Leslie J. French for Wagner Leaf from Ege MS 22 (2021)<\/p><\/div>\n\nFor example,\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The combined Feasts of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ten_thousand_martyrs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10,000 Martyrs<\/a> and Albini [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albinus_of_Angers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Albinus of Angers<\/a>] in the manuscript are a strong indication of northern-German production. In apparent refutation of that area is the Sotheby&#8217;s 1947 Catalog entry stating that St. Kilian is marked in red, and therefore points to a W\u00fcrzburg provenance. However, this assessment neglects the fact that St. Kilian was also the Patron Saint of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paderborn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paderborn<\/a> [in which diocese Warburg belongs].  The Cathedral there is dedicated to Sts Maria, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liborius_of_Le_Mans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Liborius<\/a>, and Kilian. There are at least four other churches in the area dedicated to St. Kilian, including one lying between Paderborn and Warburg.<\/p>\nThe Wagner Leaf serves as the point of departure and central focus for the Report as well as this blogpost.  The generosity of J. S. Wagner in showing it to us, and allowing us to research and to publish it, provided the opportunity to consider Ege&#8217;s Manuscript 22 as a complex entity, and to offer reflections based upon our individual and collective explorations of some of its aspects.\n\nDrawing inferences about this copy of the Missal, the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Report<\/a> offers observations about its layout, structure, and signs of continued use.  The Report then analyzes the textual elements on individual pages of the manuscript (&#8220;E&#8221;) as compared with other sources.  Among them are the printed <em>Missale Herbipolense<\/em> [W\u00fcrzburg] (1493), <em>Missale Praemonstratense<\/em> [Strassburg] (1510), <em>Missale Benedictinum<\/em> (1481), and several examples of the <em>Missale Coloniense<\/em> [Cologne] (1481, etc.).\n\nThe approach applies a method different from the traditional &#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variorum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">variorum<\/a>&#8216; style of edition, listing individual variations at the word level.  Because that style \u2014 which has merits \u2014 &#8220;would result in a huge number of apparent variations, obscuring significant differences&#8221;, the analysis here &#8220;uses instead the individual elements present on the page, and attempts to match the structure between the text of E and the other sources&#8221;.  This method employs <strong>similarity measures<\/strong> \u2014 i. e. count, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/terrytao.files.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/measure-book1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">Measure Theory<\/a>.  See the <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Report Booklet<\/a>.\n\nThe process and results of the examination offer some caveats and reflections:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">This report only scratches the surface of the problems, and the pitfalls of liturgical analysis, particularly with only fragmentary, and partly second-hand, evidence.  Any one item may be interpreted, or mis-interpreted as leading to a conclusion regarding provenance, date, or Use.  . . .<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The <strong>similarity measures<\/strong> [see above] are also inconclusive.  They would seem to rule out the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benedictine_Rite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benedictine Missal<\/a> as a close relative. . . . The most-likely relatives are the three <em>Missale Coloniense<\/em>, followed by the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Premonstratensians\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Premonstratensian<\/a> example.  Given the relatively low score for the <em>Missale Herbipolense<\/em>, this is a further indication that Ege&#8217;s attribution of origin to W\u00fcrzburg may not be accurate.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15562\" style=\"width: 201px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15562\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15562 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-191x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"191\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-191x300.jpg 191w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-651x1024.jpg 651w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-95x150.jpg 95w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-768x1208.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-976x1536.jpg 976w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-1302x2048.jpg 1302w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kolner_Dom_von_Osten-at-120-pixels-scaled.jpg 1627w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 191px) 100vw, 191px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15562\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cologne Cathedral seen from the East. Photo of 21 August 2017 \u00a9 Thomas Wolf, www.foto-tw.de (CC BY-SA 3.0 DE) via Creative Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n\nIn sum,\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">A tentative conclusion . . . would favor production, and probable Use, in or near K\u00f6ln [Cologne], but for an unknown location and purpose.  It seems safe at this point to continue to call the manuscript &#8220;The Warburg Missal&#8221;, pending further evidence.<\/p>\nFurther research may resolve some of these and perhaps other questions about Ege&#8217;s W\u00fcrzburg or Warburg Missal.\n<h2>Next Steps<\/h2>\nAs more leaves come into view, and other features come to be studied in their own right, it might become possible better to understand the nature of this Missal, its history, and its context. Worthy of investigation are, for example, the musical notation throughout the Missal, the individual &#8220;masses and prayers&#8221; at the end of the Bergendal Portion, and the reused binding fragments which formerly accompanied the volume.\n\nSimilarly, examining the treatment in the Missal of other Saints having centers of devotion in northern Germany might bear fruit, now that other dioceses than W\u00fcrzburg could beckon attention.\n\nExamples could include <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Ursula\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">St. Ursula and the 11,000 Virgins<\/a>.  Their presence in the Missal was noted already in the 1984 Sotheby&#8217;s catalogue (see above).  Their Feast on October 21 occurs in the Bergendal Portion (current folio number 99).  Their presumed relics are venerated in Cologne \u2014 site of the martyrdom on 21 October 383 \u2014 at the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basilica_of_St._Ursula,_Cologne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Basilica of St. Ursula<\/a>.\n\nAn earlier focus for this Missal upon saints connected with W\u00fcrzburg, in examining the Missal and its origin, overshadowed attention to saints closely associated with centers elsewhere in northern Germany.  It is time to re-examine the case, and perchance to redress an imbalance.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15638\" style=\"width: 198px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15638\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15638\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Carlo_Crivelli_041-188x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"188\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Carlo_Crivelli_041-188x300.jpg 188w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Carlo_Crivelli_041-642x1024.jpg 642w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Carlo_Crivelli_041-94x150.jpg 94w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Carlo_Crivelli_041-768x1226.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Carlo_Crivelli_041-962x1536.jpg 962w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Carlo_Crivelli_041.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 188px) 100vw, 188px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15638\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carlo Crivelli, image of Saint Ursula. Outer right wing from the polyptych at the Cathedral of Ascoli. Image Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n\nAs such elements and potential interconnections are taken more fully into account, the Warburg Missal might stand forth more clearly not only as one of Ege&#8217;s fragmented books, but also as a witness to the times and places which gave rise to it, and through which it (in whole or in pieces) has travelled.\n\nOur starting point, the Wagner Leaf, opened an exploration of the manuscript and its evidence, insofar as its leaves and reports present themselves.  We look forward to learning more about the book.\n<h2>Further Thoughts?<\/h2>\nFor now, while continuing to look for reference works still out of reach, or for a glimpse of other parts of the manuscript, we focus on the evidence to hand.  Have a look at the free <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/download\/15168\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Booklet<\/a> reporting our research so far.\n\nWhat do you think?  Would you like to join the quest?\n\n*****\n\nWe thank the collector, J. S. Wagner, for bringing his leaf to our attention, and for permitting us to research its evidence and to publish its images.  We are grateful to the owners of other leaves from the manuscript, and the owners of parts of other Ege manuscrits, for permission to examine them.  We thank Vajra Regan for helping to find access to the Bergendal Collection catalogue.\n\nAs always, we thank friends, colleagues, and Associates and Trustees of the Research Group on Manuscript Evidence for advice, guidance, and encouragement.\n\nDo you know of more leaves from this manuscript?  Do you have suggestions for its date and origin? Do you know of other works by the scribes or by the artist(s) of its images?  Of other books which formerly belonged to the Parish Church of Saint John the Baptist?\n\nPlease let us know. Please leave your comments here, <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/contact-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contact Us<\/a>, and\/or visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Research-Group-on-Manuscript-Evidence-259443617456668\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">Facebook Page<\/a>.\n\nWatch this blog for more reports. See its <a href=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/manuscript-studies-contents-list\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contents List<\/a>.\n\nWe look forward to hearing from you.\n\n<div id=\"attachment_15628\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15628\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15628 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-1024x449.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-1024x449.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-300x132.jpg 300w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-150x66.jpg 150w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-768x337.jpg 768w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close-1536x674.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ege-22-Wagner-Detail-Verso-top-leveled-close.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-15628\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">J. S. Wagner Collection, Ege Manuscript 22, Folio clvi, verso: Top. Reproduced by permission.<\/p><\/div>\n\n*****\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Wagner Leaf from Ege Manuscript 22 *** &#8220;The Warburg Missal&#8221; Folio CLVI in the Temporale with Part of the Mass for Corpus Christi Latin Missal made in Germany circa 1325 Written in Gothic Script (Textualis) Double columns of 31 lines Circa 360 \u00d7 257 mm &lt; written area circa 289 \u00d7 190 mm &gt; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14669,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[678,664],"tags":[1057,1895,1875,1898,932,1870,1841,812,1873,1897,251,1872,1894,782,489,1896,1893,1899,1874,1552,1871],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15644"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15644"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15644\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16176,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15644\/revisions\/16176"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manuscriptevidence.org\/wpme\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}